Term
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Definition
| (valence e)- (free e) - (.5bonded e)= FC |
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Term
| index of hydrogen deficiency |
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Definition
(2n+2)-x/2
oxygen doesnt count, halogens equal hydrogens, nitrogens equal .5 hydrogens. |
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Term
| know the functional groups of: alkane, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, anhydride, acyl, alkyl, amine, amide, carboxylic acid, ester |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| high bond energy means what for stability? |
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Definition
very stable
energy to break a bond. |
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Term
| what is special about a coordinate covalent bond? |
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Definition
| one nucleus donates 2 electrons |
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Term
| triple bond contains what types of bonds? |
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Definition
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Term
| huckels rule for aromaticity |
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Definition
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Term
a dipole moment is caused by?
the weakest dipole dipole interaction is? |
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Definition
two atoms with a difference in EN. a polar bond has a dipole moment. a nonpolar bond does not.
london disperson forces because they are induced temporary dipoles. |
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Term
| what makes an item chiral |
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Definition
| 4 different substituents about a carbon. |
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Term
| a clockwise rotation about a chiral center has an absolute configuration of? |
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Definition
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Term
what types of compounds are optically inactive?
a compound that rotates PPlight to the right designated with what sign? |
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Definition
meso compounds, racemic mixtures, lack chiral centers.
+, d |
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Term
| difference between enantiomers and diastereomers? |
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Definition
enantiomers- mirror images- with opposite chiral configurations. same physical and chemical properties
diastereomers -non mirror images. different physical and chemical properties. include geometric (cis trans) isomers |
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Term
| will a chiral compound mixed with enantiomers change the physical components? achiral compound? PPlight? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are the physical and chemical differences between cis and trans molecules. |
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Definition
cis- has dipole moment, more reactive, low MP, high heat of combustion, strong IM forces
trans- form crystals, no dipole moment, |
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Term
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Definition
| maximun number of optically active isomers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| diasteromers that differ at only one chiral carbon. ===> ring formation anomers. |
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