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Ecology
Terminology for Ecology students
26
Biology
12th Grade
08/19/2010

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Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
The number of individuals belonging to a populations that an area can support.
Term
Natality
Definition
The number of births per 1000 per year.
Term
Structural Adaptation
Definition
A physical feature of an organism which assists it to survive and reproduce in its habitat.
Term
Ecological Niche
Definition
The opportunities provided by the habitat and the adaptations of the organism which enables it to survive.
Term
Co-existence
Definition
A situation 2 species that live in the same location.
Term
Food Web
Definition
A series of linked food chains in a community.
Term
Habitat
Definition
A place where an organism lives.
Term
Abiotic Factors
Definition
Physical or climatic aspects of an environment.
Term
Decomposers
Definition
Bacteria and fungi that break down dead bodies to release the nutrients.
Term
Community
Definition
A set of interacting populations present during any particular time in any particular place.
Term
Parasitism
Definition
Occurs when one organism lives on or in a larger organism and feeding on it, but not killing it.
Term
Population
Definition
A group of organisms from the same species living in the same location.
Term
Pyramid of biomass
Definition
Graph showing the total mass of living material at each trophic level of a community.
Term
Mutualism
Definition
Ecological relationship between two species where both species benefit.
Term
Survivorship Curve
Definition
A graph showing the number of individuals surviving to different age categories.
Term
Succession
Definition
Changes in species composition of a community over time.
Term
Saprophyte
Definition
Organism that feeds on dead organisms or dead tissue.
Term
Gause's Principle
Definition
No two species with similar needs for the same limited resource can co-exist in the same
place.
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
Community of interdepent organisms and the environment they live in.
Term
Commensalism
Definition
Relationship between 2 species whereby one species benefits while the other is neither
harmed nor benefited.
Term
Emigration
Definition
Loss of members of a population due to individuals moving to other locations.
Term
Browsers
Definition
Animals that feed on the tissues of woody plants.
Term
Tolerance
Definition
The ability of a species to cope with variation in conditions.
Term
Intra-Specific
Definition
The relationship between members of the same species.
Term
Liebig's Law of Minimum
Definition
Whatever essential environmental factor is present in the least favourable
amount.
Term
Exponential Growth
Definition
The rapid increase of numbers in a population.
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