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Ecology
Test 3
43
Biology
Not Applicable
12/13/2007

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Term
What does abiotic mean?
Definition
nonliving
Term
What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of different species?
Definition
community
Term
What level is concerned with both biotic and abiotic aspects?
Definition
ecosystem
Term
What is the primary source of most of Earth's ecosystems?
Definition
sunlight
Term
As a result of a catastrophic disturbance, a community will ____.
Definition
undergo succession
Term
The closer to the equator, the ___.
Definition
more directly the sun's rays hit Earth's surface
Term
Seasons vary ___
Definition
with the Earth's tilt relative to the sun
Term
IN the US how does climate on the E. slope of a mtn differ from the W. side?
Definition
the E. slope tends to be drier
Term
What name is given to fine-scale variation in climate/
Definition
microclimate
Term
The Sahara and the Negev Deserts belong to the same ___
Definition
biome
Term
What biome is maintained by fire?
Definition
Chaparral
Term
Taiga is also called ____
Definition
coniferous forest
Term
In an aquatic ecosystem, what is the region where photosynthesis can occur?
Definition
pelagic zone
Term
What are estuaries?
Definition
regions where freshwater and saltwater mix.
Term
What is the region where sea meets land?
Definition
intertidal zone
Term
What name is given to the seafloor?
Definition
benthic zone
Term
over time, the populations of most species __
Definition
exhibit boom and bust cycles
Term
A certain species of fungus is only found on cow patties. What dispersal pattern?
Definition
clumped
Term
IN the absence of limitin gfactors, a pop. growth is a(n) ____ model
Definition
exponential
Term
What equation applies to a pop. growing at an exponential rate?
Definition
G=rN
Term
With limiting factors, a pop. growth follows ___ model
Definition
logisitic
Term
The number of individuals of a species that a particular habitat can support.
Definition
carrying capacity
Term
According to log. growth model, what happens to the growth rate as the size of the pop. nears carrying capacity?
Definition
slows to zero.
Term
Competition among individuals of the same species
Definition
intraspecific competition
Term
What factor operates in a density-dependent manner?
Definition
food supply
Term
An unexpected freeze that kills a population is an example of ___
Definition
density independent factor
Term
Type 3 Survivorship exhibits
Definition
many offspring and poor prenatal care
Term
Does the energy increase or decrease as trophic level increases?
Definition
decreases
Term
An organisms ecological "role"
Definition
niche
Term
Two species live together, without a predator, feeding on the same food, without competition exclusion. What explains their coexistence?
Definition
resource partitioning
Term
What type of relationship is predation?
Definition
one individual benefits and the other is harmed.
Term
What is a passive defense against predation?
Definition
cryptic coloration
Term
The nonstinging drone fly has the same coloration as bees that sting; this is ___
Definition
Batesian mimicry
Term
What describes a situation in which 2+ unpalatable animals evolve similar warning coloration?
Definition
Mullerian mimicry
Term
What ecological process occurs following the retreat of a glacier?
Definition
primary succession
Term
Organisms at the 1st trophic level are ___
Definition
autotrophs
Term
What converts organic matter into inorganic matter by breaking down dead organisms?
Definition
detritivores
Term
Biomass is the total amount of __ an ecoxyxtem
Definition
living organic material in
Term
The rate at which organic matter is produced in an ecosystem is its ___
Definition
primary productivity
Term
The main abiotic reservior for carbon is ___
Definition
dead organic matter
Term
Plants can utilize the ___ form of nitrogen
Definition
nitrate
Term
The major reservoir for phosphorus is ___
Definition
soil
Term
The runoff of what plays a major role in eutrophication?
Definition
nitrogen and phosphorus
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