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Ecology
Ecology
38
Biology
9th Grade
05/19/2014

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Term
Ecology
Definition
The study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
All the living and non -living things that interact in a specific area; a subdivision of the environment
Term
Biotic
Definition
The living parts of the environment
Term
Abiotic
Definition
Nonliving parts of the environment
Term
Habitat
Definition
The place where a plant or animal lives
Term
Population
Definition
All the individuals of a single species
that live in a specific area
Term
Community
Definition
A combination of all the different
populations that live and interact in the same environment
Term
Biosphere
Definition
All of Earth’s ecosystems, collectively;the biologically
inhabited portions of Earth, including all of the water, land,and air in which organisms survive
Term
Competition
Definition
The struggle between organisms for the
same limited resources in a particular
area
Term
Limiting Factors
Definition
Any factor in the environment that
limits the size of a population
Term
Predator
Definition
An animal that hunts and kills other
animals for food
Term
Prey
Definition
An animal that is hunted and killed by
predators
Term
Carrying capacity
Definition
The largest population of any single
species that an area can support
Term
Ecological Niche
Definition
The specific role played by an
organism or a population of organisms
in the ecosystem
Term
Food Chain
Definition
A representation that identifies the
specific relationships among organisms
Term
Autotroph
Definition
An organism that produces its own
food; the source of energy for all other living things on Earth
Term
Producer
Definition
An organism that makes its own food
from light energy and inorganic
materials
Term
Heterotroph
Definition
An organism that cannot make its own
food; a consumer
Term
Herbivore
Definition
An organism that eats only plants
Term
Carnivore
Definition
An organism that survives by eating
animals
Term
Decomposer
Definition
An organism, generally a bacteria or
fungus, that consumes dead organisms
and organic waste
Term
Scavenger
Definition
A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of
dead organisms
Term
Parasite
Definition
An organisms that survives by living
and feeding on other organisms
Term
Host
Definition
The organism in a parasitic relationship that provides the home and/or food for the parasite
Term
Food web
Definition
A representation of
many interconnected food chains that shows
the feeding relationships
among producers, consumers, and decomposers
Term
Energy Pyramid
Definition
A diagram showing how food energy
moves through the ecosystem
Term
Biodiversity
Definition
The variety of species in an area
Term
Ecological Succession
Definition
The process by which an existing
community is replaced by another
community
Term
Renewable Resources
Definition
Earth’s resources, such as our food
supply and solar energy, which, given
time, can be replaced
Term
Nonrenewable resources
Definition
Any resources, such as fossil fuels and
minerals, that cannot be replaced
Term
Direct Harvesting
Definition
The destruction of an organism, or the
removal of an organism from its habitat
Term
Industrialization
Definition
The process of converting an economy
into one in which large scale manufacturing is the primary economic base
Term
Fossil Fuels
Definition
A fuel, such as coal and gas, that comes from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago
Term
Global Warming
Definition
An increase in Earth’s average surf
ace temperature caused by an increase in greenhouse gases
Term
Ozone Layer
Definition
The layer of ozone gas in the upper
atmosphere that protects Earth from
some of the sun’s radiation
Term
Trade-Off
Definition
An exchange or agreement made to
reach
Term

[image]

What is this process?

Definition
Ecological Succession
Term

[image]

What is represented by the line labeled B?

Definition
The Carrying Capacity of the environment.
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