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Greek for ecology
philosophy of the natural world |
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| organism that lives in Chesapeake watershed; it eats holes in fish and can cause memory loss in humans |
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| deer tick; females suck blood; can carry lyme disease |
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| parasite in the James River;travels to your brain via your nose; will be fatal |
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| hourglass bands; vertical elliptical (catlike) pupils; pits in face; bite looks like hypodermic needle |
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| round pupils; row of double scales; no pits; horseshoe shaped bite |
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| the study of relationships among organisms (biotic) and their environment (abiotic) |
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| geography (plant ecology), biology; natural history (animal ecology) |
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sub-discipline of ecology
species response to their environment |
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sub-discipline of ecology
study of pop. size, speciation, EVOLUTION, competition, energy allocation |
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sub-discipline of ecology
studies species diversity; competition; succession |
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sub-discipline of ecology
studies nutrient cycling; primary productivity, decomposition |
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sub-discipline of ecology
studies ecosystems using by means of applied mathematics, mathematical models, and computer programs. |
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| Long term ecological research (LTER) |
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| group of researchers investigating ecological processes over long temporal and broad spatial scales in the US |
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the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth where living organisms exist
highest level of bio organization |
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level of bio organization
deals w/ energy flow; nutrient exchange; movement of organisms across ecosystems |
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level of bio organization
is the community of organisms and their physical environment interacting as an ecological unit. |
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bio level of org
group of interacting organisms of different SPECIES in the same area |
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bio level of org
all potentially interbreeding ORGANISMS within a defined geographical area. |
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level of bio org
a form of life composed of mutually interdependent parts that maintain various vital processes |
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level of bio org
organs that function as part of a system |
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level of bio org
a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function |
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level of bio org
a collection of similar cells that group together to perform a specialized function |
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level of bio org
is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms |
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groups of atoms that are held together by bonds
level of bio org |
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| study of how organisms in a particular area are influenced by factors including climate, soil, predators, competition, and evolution |
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| study of everything ecology |
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| measure of size, shape, vegetation, animal movement, corridors(buffers b/t them) |
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ecological scale measure of size, shape, vegetation, animal movement, corridors(buffers b/t them)
ex: does patch size and shape affect animal movement in a certain landscape? |
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ecological scale dat deals with rates of decomposition,reproduction, & productivity
ex:What factors affect decompostiion in this ecosystem? |
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| ex: how do disturbances affect species in this community |
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ecological scale that deals with growth rate?
Ex:are there enough resources for this population to grow? |
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ecological scale of organisms
ex:how do plants regulate internal water valves? |
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| second, day, week, year, decade, century, |
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difficult since you can't control factors
provides info w/i a natural context |
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| studies that provide precise measurements w/i a controlled environment |
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| bringing for ex. an aquarium, pot to a field study; provides some control |
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| bringing for ex. an aquarium, pot to a field study; provides some control |
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| studies where you bring samples from the field to the lab; less inferences |
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| the study of pollen grains and spores |
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| researcher who studied long term change in vegetation |
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a true science
subdiscipline of ecology
man's impact on nature |
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not a true science
incorporates aesthetics
incorporates values |
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pioneers of ecology
fathers of modern ecology in US |
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pioneer of ecology
America's first naturalist who described the ecosystems he encountered here |
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pioneer of ecology
an explorer in the 1800s that first noticed there were zones of vegetation in South America due to temp. |
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pioneer of ecology
first women ecologist recognized that technology and development were affecting the environment |
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pioneer in ecology
first person to understand plant succession |
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pioneer of ecology
father of plant ecology in US; wrote 1st book in research methods in ecology |
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pioneers of ecology
fathers of American limnology; studied small lakes |
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pioneer of ecology
coined ecosystem term in 1935 |
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pioneer of ecology
first person to pioneer ecosystem studies concerning community concepts |
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pioneer of ecology
father of animal ecology; wrote book on beetles and insects |
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pioneer of ecology
introduced stats to ecology and changed the way we view our world around us |
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| medium for plant growth;recycling system for nutrients and organic wastes;system for water supply and purification;engineering medium;habitat for soil organisms |
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| a complex mixture of living and non-living material upon which most terrestial life depends |
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| soil horizon that has litter in various stages of decay |
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| first mineral horizon; composed of sand, silt, and clay; dark color; |
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| second mineral horizon; characterized by loss of clay;lightest colored horizon; zone of max leeching of materials; zone of eluviation |
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| third mineral horizon; most well developed soil structure; accumulates clay; zone of illuviation |
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| fourth mineral horizon; underneath is bedrock; |
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| mixing of top soil from O horizon with soil from A horizon |
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| true soil; made up of O, A, E, B horizons |
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| made up of O,A,E,B,C horizons |
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acronymn for soil development
CL=climate
O=organisms
R=relief
P=parent material
T=time |
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| sequence of soils about the same age derived from similar plant material and occuring under similar climatic conditions;but having different characteristics b/c of variations in relief and drainage |
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| soils made up of equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay particles;most fertile |
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| youngest soil; lacks profile development |
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| organic soil; consists of o layer; lacks decomposition; found in wetter areas |
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| inception of B horizon; found in alot of areas; younger soil |
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| soils that come from volcanic ejecta;very fertile;good for plant growth;found around convergent tetonic plates |
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| soils found in areas w/ moderate-high rainfall; have high based cations; good for plant growth |
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| soils found under borial (norther) forests;typically evergreen;in colder areas;has low based cations; acidic |
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| diagnostic horizon of spodosols; made up of aluminum and Fe oxides mixed in with organic matter |
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| soil found in areas with low rainfall |
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| soils found in areas with medium rainfall; high based cations; very dark colored; have mollic epipedons |
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| soils found under deciduous forests;midly acidic; high-medium based cations |
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| soils found in areas with high rainfall;acidic;low based cations; found in forested humid tropical and sub topical areas |
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| soils found in rainforests; most nutrient poor soil b/c of high rainfall; have oxic horizon;light in color |
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