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Ecology Test 1
Vocab
44
Biology
Undergraduate 3
06/12/2011

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Term
Ecology
Definition
the study of the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors that determine the distribution and abundance of living organisms
Term
"oikos"
Definition
household
Term
Plant Geography
Definition
the study of the distribution of plants
Term
Natural History
Definition
descriptive approach to studying the environment
Term
Population
Definition
group of individuals of one type in a given area
Term
Community
Definition
all of the living organisms in a given area
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
all of the living organisms and nonliving factors with which they interact in a given area
Term
Science
Definition
the knowledge obtained by observation
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
system on thoughts and procedures on how to do a proper study
Term
Assumptions of Faith
Definition
(1) Nature is real and what we sense is real
(2) Cause and effect relationships in nature are consistent
(3) Nature is somewhat understandable even without perfect knowledge or observation
Term
Experiment
Definition
a planned study to obtain new information or to refute the results of a previous experiment
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
a tentative explanation of a problem
Term
Experimental Unit (EU)
Definition
the portion of material to which one applies treatment
Term
Treatment (trt)
Definition
any condition to distinguish experimental groups
Term
Experimental Group
Definition
those experimental groups receiving treatment
Term
Control Group
Definition
those experimental groups under normal conditions
Term
Sampling Units (SU)
Definition
each portion of the experimental unit that is measured or used
Term
Experimental Error
Definition
the measure of variation existing between experimental units receiving the same treatment
Term
Randomization
Definition
the use of probability methods to assign units to experimental groups
Term
Evolution
Definition
the change in gene frequency over time
Term
Fitness
Definition
the proportional contribution of genes to a gene pool of a population
Term
Genetic Drift
Definition
chance fluctuations of gene frequency due to small population size
Term
Inbreeding
Definition
mating between individuals more closely related than the average pair in a population
Term
Mutation
Definition
an inheritable change in the structure of genes
Term
Physiological Ecology
Definition
the study of the responses of organisms to environmental factors
Term
Conditions
Definition
abiotic factors that are not used up by organisms
Term
Resources
Definition
biotic or abiotic factors required by an organism
Term
Eurytopic
Definition
wide range of tolerance
Term
Stenotopic
Definition
narrow range of tolerance
Term
Niche
Definition
the environmental factors that influence survival, growth, and reproduction of a species
Term
Fundamental Niche
Definition
the entire range of conditions and resources that allows a species to maintain a viable population
Term
Realized Niche
Definition
the portion of the range of conditions and resources that is used in the presence of biological interactions
Term
Endothermy
Definition
condition where the regulation of body temperature is by internal heat production and the trapping of it
Term
Ectothermy
Definition
condition where body temperature is primarily determined by external conditions
Term
Degree Days
Definition
the number of days above some threshold temperature in which developmental begins
Term
Endemism
Definition
confinement to a specific area
Term
Biome
Definition
a large complex of communities characterized by distinctive vegetation and climate and where there is an exchange of biotic and abiotic factors
Term
Density
Definition
the number of individuals per unit of space
Term
Habitat
Definition
that area that contains all the resources for that species
Term
Ecological Density
Definition
the number of individuals occupying the amount of area suitable as living space
Term
Carrying capacity
Definition
the number of individuals that the resources of a given area can support during the most unfavorable period
Term
Social hierarchy
Definition
dominance hierarchy based on antagonist interactions
Term
Territoriality
Definition
an area that is actively defended by an individual that requires all resources to be successful
Term
Home Range
Definition
the area over which an animal roams during a time span
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