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ECOLOGY TERMS
Ecology terms and definitions
21
Biology
Undergraduate 4
07/26/2011

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Term
Pioneer Species
Definition
First species to colonize a previously uninhabited ecosystem.

Example: Sea Oats
Term
Endemic Species
Definition
Species which is only found in one particular area of the world.

Examples: Woody Goldenrod, Coastal Bluestem, False Rosemary, Santa Rosa Beach Mouse, Pensacola Hawthorne
Term
Halophyte
Definition
Plant which grows in high salt ecosystems ("salt-loving" organisms).

Example: Saltmarsh Cordgrass
Term
Aufwuchs
Definition
Small organisms which grow on and inhabit hard substrates, such as rock.
Term
Facultative Species
Definition
Species which are found equally often in wet and non-wet ecosystems.

Examples: Chinese Privet, Water Oak, Wax Myrtle, Red Maple
Term
Facultative-Wet Species
Definition
Species which more often are found in wet habitats, but sometimes can be found in non-wet habitats.

Examples: Dwarf Palmetto, Cinnamon Fern, Red Titi, Fetterbush, Coinwart, Sweetbay Magnolia, Florida Anise
Term
Obligate Wet Species
Definition
Species which are always found in or near a water source.

Example: Swamp Bay, Swamp Titi, Netted Chain Fern, Royal Fern, Atlantic White Cedar
Term
Hydrophyte
Definition
Plant which grows only in water or very moist areas.

Examples: Saw Grass, Sword Grass
Term
Saprophyte
Definition
Organism which is responsible for the decay of other organisms.
Term
Invasive Species
Definition
Species which has a detrimental impact on the habitat it is introduced to.

Examples: Chinese Privet, Chinese Tallow
Term
Non-Native Species
Definition
Any species which is somewhere it was not originally intended to be.

Examples: Chinese Privet, Chinese Tallow
Term
Heliophyte
Definition
Plant which grows best in intense sunlight ("sun-loving")
Term
Succession (anthropogenic)
Definition
Process by which an ecosystem transforms itself until it reaches a stable state.

Human induced succession: draining soils, supressing fires.
Term
Epiphyte
Definition
Plant or animal species which grows on the outside of seagrass.
Term
Turbidity
Definition
A measure of the cloudiness in a body of water.
Term
Triangulation
Definition
Determining something's location through the use of three reference points.
Term
Divergent Evolution
Definition
One species evolves into different variations of the species over time.
Term
Convergent Evoution
Definition
Two or more species become increasingly similar over time.
Term
Pyrophyte
Definition
Species which have adapted to tolerate fire; in some cases fire is a necessary component to these species' life cycles.

Example: Longleaf Pine, Spruce Pine
Term
Keystone Species
Definition
Species which play a critical role in maintaining balance within its ecosystem.

Example: Gopher Tortoise
Term
Fitness
Definition
The capability of an individual of a certain genotype to reproduce and spawn further generations.
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