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selective breeding applied to humans. Sought to counter what they regarded as dysgenic dynamics within the human gene pool, specifically in regard to congenital disorders and factors relating to the heritability of IQ. Was also popular in Nazi Party.
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| was the pre-eminent political and spiritual leader of India during the Indian independence movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraha—resistance to tyranny through mass civil disobedience, firmly founded upon total nonviolence—which led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. |
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was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran. Created an Islamic republic.
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Asian Newly Industrialized Economies
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rapidly growing, new industrial nations of the late twentieth century called Asian Tigers. Heavily investments in education, high rates of personal saving, and disciplined/hard-working labor forces. |
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| a major armed struggle that started in 1910 with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. Several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements characterized the Revolution. |
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| concrete barrier built by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) that completely enclosed the city of West Berlin, separating it from East Germany, including East Berlin. Symbol of the Iron Curtain. |
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| the policy of settling international quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation and compromise, thereby avoiding the resort to an armed conflict which would be expensive, bloody, and possibly dangerous. |
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| a Cold War military conflict. The war was fought between the communist North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States and other anti-communist nations. |
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| symbolized the ideological and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. |
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| was an American civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, historian, author, and editor. |
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a former Salvadoran army unit, was a rapid-response, counter-insurgency battalion created in 1980 at the U.S. Army's School of the Americas, then located in Panama. It was responsible for some of the most infamous incidents of the Salvadoran Civil War. The Battalion carried out some of the most horrific atrocities of the war, including the El Mozote Massacre of December 1981. |
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| a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. |
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a landlocked country in South-Central Asia.
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| the Russian term (now used in English) for the political and economic reforms introduced in June 1987[1] by the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Its literal meaning is "restructuring", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system. Perestroika is often argued to be one reason for the fall of communist political forces in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and for the end of the Cold War. |
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| describes a competition between two or more parties for real or apparent military supremacy. |
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| a confrontation between the United States, the Soviet Union, and Cuba in October 1962, during the Cold War. The crisis ranks with the Berlin Blockade as one of the major confrontations of the Cold War, and is generally regarded as the moment in which the Cold War came closest to a nuclear war. |
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| The Declaration arose directly from the experience of the Second World War and represents the first global expression of rights to which all human beings are entitled. |
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