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Ecology Environmental Interdependence
SAPT review
35
Biology
10th Grade
11/16/2011

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Term
Consumer (heterotroph)
Definition
organism that can not make its own food and must get energy by eating other consummers or producers
Term
Secondary Consumer
Definition
A consumer that eats a primary consumer
Term
Teritary Consumer
Definition
A consumer that eats a secondary consumer
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
a community of living organisms plus their non living environment
Term
Primary Consumer
Definition
a consumer that eats producers
Term
Species
Definition
a group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Term
Food web
Definition
a more complex representation of how energy is passed from producers to consumers in an ecosystem
Term
Energy Pyramid
Definition
a representation in the shape of a pyramid that shows how energy is passed from one level to the next.
Term
Food chain
Definition
a simple representation of how energy is passed from producers to consumer
Term
Mutualism
Definition
a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit
Term
Commensalism
Definition
a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed
Term
Parasitism
Definition
a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed
Term
Biosphere
Definition
all of the combined ecosystems of the world where organisms can live
Term
Predator
Definition
an animal that catches and eats another animal
Term
Omnivore
Definition
an animal that eats both plants and animals
Term
Carnivore
Definition
an animal that eats only other animals
Term
Herbivore
Definition
an animal that eats plants
Term
Prey
Definition
an animal that is subject to being caught and eaten by another animal
Term
Organism
Definition
an individual living thing; a mouse, an ant, a mountain lion
Term
Host
Definition
an organism on which a parasite feeds
Term
Niche
Definition
an organisms role in its ecosystem
Term
Top consumer
Definition
animal at the top of a food chain; usually a carnivore that has no natural predators
Term
Community
Definition
different populations of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
Term
Trophic Level
Definition
each "step" in a food chain that represents how many times energy has been transferred from one organism to the next.
Term
Abiotic factors
Definition
nonliving parts of an ecosystem; examples rocks, air,soil and water
Term
Decomposer (saprotroph)
Definition
organism that eats dead or decaying organisms
Term
Producer (autotroph)
Definition
organism that makes its own food usually by using energy directly from the sun
Term
Population
Definition
organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time
Term
Competition
Definition
the conflict between organisms when they try to use the same resource at the same time
Term
Competitive Exclusion
Definition
the idea that if two different species compete for the same resources one will survive the other will not
Term
Biotic factors
Definition
the living organisms in an environment
Term
Habitat
Definition
the place where an organism lives
Term
Cooperation
Definition
the relationship among members of a population that helps one another; example hunting as a pack
Term
Symbiotic Relationship
Definition
the relationship between two species that live closely together
Term
Ecology
Definition
the study of living organisms as they interact with thier environment
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