Term
| what was anorexia called in the middle ages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what characterizes anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| the goal is to control or lose weight even when its pathological. etiology: genetics, sociocultural, and neurochemical. less prevalent than binge eating (most prevalent) or bulimia. diagnosis made on conscious, willful, refusal to maintain normally accepted weight – generally falls around 85% of what a pt's expected weight should be. there is also a fear/anxiety of being over weight and associated amenorrhea. |
|
|
Term
| when do eating disorders start? |
|
Definition
| in adolescence, then carry on to young adult/middle years |
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 types of anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| 1) restricting type: fasting/dieting/over exercise. 2) binge/purge type. |
|
|
Term
| what characterizes bulimia? |
|
Definition
| most common type: purging via vomiting or diarrhea (laxatives). nonpurging type: excessive exercise to balance out binging. |
|
|
Term
| what characterizes binge eating disorder? |
|
Definition
| pts will have recurrent episodes of binge eating – usually at least 2 days every week and period of several months. this eating is usually compulsive and not compensated for. |
|
|
Term
| what are some medical issues which may occur due to anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| CV issues, hypotension, hypothermia, yellowish skin color (carotenemia), dry skin, hair loss, cardiac arrhythmia, mitral valve prolapse, peripheral neuropathy, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoglycemia. |
|
|
Term
| what is the challenge when treating an anorexic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are adverse effects of bulimia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| electrolyte imbalance and CV involvement |
|
|
Term
| what does tx of any eating disorder have to include? |
|
Definition
| whether there is a concurrent mood disorder such as depression or anxiety. substance abuse is also often comorbid. |
|
|
Term
| what disorders are commonly comorbid with anorexia? |
|
Definition
| OCD, major depression, and chronic dysthymic disorder |
|
|
Term
| what disorders are commonly comorbid with bulimia? |
|
Definition
| major depression, bipolar disorder, substance abuse, anxiety disorder and histrionic/body dysmorphic/narcissist/panic disorder. |
|
|
Term
| what does eating disorder tx start with? |
|
Definition
| medical stabilization - weight restoration. address amenorrhea/osteopenia. |
|
|
Term
| what type of therapy can help w/eating disorders? |
|
Definition
| CBT, where negative thoughts are challenged on a 1-1 basis. interpersonal psychotherapy may also be useful. for adolescents: family therapy. |
|
|
Term
| what characterizes pts w/anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| they tend to have many common symptoms seen in obsessive compulsive personality disorder – very ritualistic, perfectionist, etc |
|
|
Term
| what medication has been found to be useful in anorexia nervosa tx? |
|
Definition
| fluoxetine 60 mg (prozac) or any of the SSRIs (lexapro, celexa) - good for depression or OCD. |
|
|
Term
| what medication has been found to be useful in bulimia nervosa tx? |
|
Definition
| trazodone, bupropion, desipramine, imipramine, phenylsilane etc - but psychotherapy is most effective. |
|
|
Term
| what medication has been helpful in binge eating disorder? |
|
Definition
| fluvoxamine also good for OCD. |
|
|
Term
| what characterizes eating disorder pts generally? |
|
Definition
| mainly female, often comorbid w/other psychiatric illnesses, major concern is medical tx, and treatment needs to be comprehensive. |
|
|
Term
| what is the order of prevalence in eating disorders? |
|
Definition
| binge eating, bulimia, anorexia |
|
|
