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| traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers |
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1. life is suffering
2. Suffering is caused by desire/attachment
3. To end desire is to end suffering
4. End suffering via the 8fold path
3. Truthfulness |
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| paintings prized above academic paintings by most educated people, who understood their goal of revealing the inner character of the painter and communicating, through depictions of nature, man, or objects, virtues, strength of purpose, and sensitivity towards the conditions of human life. |
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| first emperor of the Han Dynasty |
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| Chang'an is an ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history, today known as Xi'an. Chang'an literally means "Perpetual Peace" |
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| He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BC. |
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A foreign religion
Siddhathra Guatama
A religion that gives up all worldly possessions. |
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| An Lushan rebelled and this exposed the flaw in the Chinese administration |
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| a human being committed to the attainment of enlightenment for the sake of others. A God |
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| is the longest canal or artificial river in the world. |
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| Wu Zetian was a Chinese sovereign, who ruled officially under the name of her self-proclaimed "Zhou Dynasty", from 690 to 705 |
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The Ministry of Personnel (Chinese: 吏部; pinyin: Lì Bù) was in charge of appointments, merit ratings, promotions, and demotions of officials, as well as granting of honorific titles.[2]
The Ministry of Revenue (simplified Chinese: 户部; traditional Chinese: 戶部; pinyin: Hù Bù) was in charge of gathering census data, collecting taxes, and handling state revenues, while there were two offices of currency that were subordinate to it.[3]
The Ministry of Rites (simplified Chinese: 礼部; traditional Chinese: 禮部; pinyin: Lĭ Bù) was in charge of state ceremonies, rituals, and sacrifices; it also oversaw registers for Buddhist and Daoist priesthoods and even the reception of envoys from tributary states.[4] It also managed the Imperial examinations.
The Ministry of Defense (Chinese: 兵部; pinyin: Bīng Bù) was in charge of the appointments, promotions, and demotions of military officers, the maintenance of military installations, equipment, and weapons, as well as the courier system.[5] In war times, high-ranking officials in the Ministry of Defense were also responsible in providing strategies for commanding generals, and sometimes even serving as commanding generals themselves.
The Ministry of Justice (Chinese: 刑部; pinyin: Xíng Bù) was in charge of judicial and penal processes, but had no supervisory role over the Censorate or the Grand Court of Revision.[6]
The Ministry of Works (Chinese: 工部; pinyin: Gōng Bù) was in charge of government construction projects, hiring of artisans and laborers for temporary service, manufacturing government equipment, the maintenance of roads and canals, standardization of weights and measures, and the gathering of resources from the countryside |
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