Details Title: Earthquake Flashcards Description: Terms Total Flash Cards: 47 Created: 03/18/2008 03:59:31		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Geology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Fault Definition A break or crack in the earth's surface caused by stress within the crust. Term Definition Term Tension Definition Type of stress that pulls rocks apart Term Tension Definition Type of stress involved in a normal fault Term Compression Definition Type of stress that squeezes rocks until it folds or breaks Term Compression Definition Type of stress involved in the creation of a reverse fault Term Shear Definition Type of stress involved in a strike-slip (or transform) fault Term Shear Definition Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions horizontally Term Hanging Wall Definition {image:28247|center} Term Normal Fault Definition Type of fault created through tensional stress Term Normal Fault Definition Type of fault in which the hanging wall slides down the face of a footwall Term Reverse fault Definition Type of fault created by compressional stress Term Strike-slip or transform fault Definition Type of fault created by shear stress Term Strike-slip or transform fault Definition Type of fault in which broken sections of the crust slide past one another horizontally Term Footwall Definition {image:28248|center} Term Transform Fault Definition {image:28254|center} Term Shadow Zone Definition {image:28253|center} Term Rift Valley Definition {image:28252|center} Term Reverse Fault Definition {image:28251|center} Term Normal Fault Definition {image:28250|center} Term Fault Block Mountain Definition {image:28249|center} Term Ductile Definition Term that describes rocks that are bendable Term Brittle Definition Term that describes rocks that are easily broken Term Earthquake Definition The shaking of the earth that is the direct result of movement inside the earth Term Focus Definition The point inside the surface of the Earth where earthquake energy is released or the earthquake originates from Term Epicenter Definition The point on the Earth's surface that feels the most powerful shaking Term P-Wave (What does the P stand for) Definition Primary Wave Term S-Wave (What does the S stand for) Definition Secondary Term L-Wave (What does the L stand for) Definition Love Wave (or surface wave) Term Primary Wave Definition The fastest of all earthquake waves Term Secondary Wave Definition The second fastest of the earthquake waves Term Surface wave Definition The slowest of the three earthquake waves Term Surface wave Definition The most damaging of the three seismic waves Term Surface wave Definition Type of waves that causes rocks to move in a spiral like pattern due to motions in all directions Term Primary wave Definition Type of wave that causes rocks to move parallel to wave direction Term Secondary Wave Definition Type of wave that causes rocks to move at right angles to the wave direction Term Richter Scale Definition Scale that measures the energy released by an earthquake Term Mercalli Scale Definition Scale that measures the intensity of an earthquake through witness accounts or damage reports Term Seismograph Definition Instrument that measures earthquake waves Term Seismic Wave Definition Type of wave that causes the ground to shake in an earthquake Term Seismogram Definition The record of an earthquake created by a seismograph Term Aftershock Definition Smaller tremors that follow the main larger earthquake Term Tsunami Definition Large sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake or landslide Term Liquefaction Definition The process by which an earthquake's violent movement suddenly turns loose soil into liquid mud, causing major damage Term San Andreas Fault Definition The most famous plate boundary of the United States that runs through California and Northern Mexico Term New Madrid Definition Location for the largest earthquake in the continental US (the 48 states) Term Alaska Definition Location for the largest earthquake in US history