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Earth Science 9.1
How and Where Volcanoes Form
13
Science
12th Grade
01/25/2012

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Term
volcano
Definition
Term
hot spot
Definition
Term
magma
Definition
Molten rock that has formed deep within Earth.
Term
rift valley
Definition
At a mid-ocean ridge where the lithosphere is thinner and exerts less pressure.
Term
hot spot
Definition
Where an increase in temperature causes materials in the asthenosphere to melt.
Term
subduction boundary
Definition
Where an increase in the amount of water in the asthenosphere lowers the melting temperatures of materials there.
Term
mid-ocean ridge
Definition
Where plates are moving apart.
Term
subduction boundary
Definition
Where plates are being forced under other plates; where lithospheric plates collide.
Term
Cascade Range
Definition
Extends along the Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia, Canada, and is made up of volcanoes that have formed at an oceanic-continental subduction boundary.
Term
volcanic island arc
Definition
A chain of volcanic islands created when two oceanic plates collide.
Term
Mariana Islands
Definition
An example of a volcanic island arc formed at a oceanic-oceanic subduction boundary.
Term
seamount
Definition
Underwater volcano.
Term
Loihi Seamount
Definition
A young, very active underwater volcano about 30 kilometers off the coast of the island of Hawaii.
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