Details Title: Earth Science 1 Description: stuff from 6th grade science (thanks grace) Total Flash Cards: 46 Created: 02/05/2009 18:04:00		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Geology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term asthenosphere Definition zone of partially melted rock in upper part of mantle Term basalt Definition igneous rock; fine texture; used for sculpting Term bomb Definition lump of lava thrown out of a volcano while still molten Term compression Definition pressure exerted on rock from opposite sides toward the center Term convection currents Definition form when a substance heats, expands, and rises while cooler portions sink Term convergent boundary Definition boundary where plates collide Term cinder cone volcano Definition volcano: not tall; steep sided; cone around side of top; violent eruptions with lots of ash Term crater Definition bowl-shaped depression around the mouth of a volcano Term crescent Definition phase just before or after the new Moon Term divergent boundary Definition boundary where plates move apart Term dome Definition mountain that forms when magma pushes against the crust above it Term earthquake Definition vibrations of rocks shifting; starts in focus Term eclipse Definition when Sun or Moon appear to vanish from the sky in whole or in part Term epicenter Definition point on Earth's surface directly above focus Term equinox Definition dates on which days and nights are equal Term fault Definition a break in rock Term fissure Definition a large crack in the earth through which lava can flow Term focus Definition point deep in Earth's crust where first major movement along the fault occurs Term gibbous Definition phase just before or after a full Moon Term granite Definition igneous rock; coarse texture; used for durable building stone Term gravity Definition force that pulls everything to the center of the Earth Term lava Definition molten rock; magma on the surface of the earth Term lithosphere Definition the cool solid part of the earth that includes part of the mantle Term magma Definition lava or molten rock in the ground Term magnitude Definition strength of an earthquake Term mantle Definition the layer of molten rock 120 miles under the surface Term Mercalli scale Definition measures damage of an earthquake (I-XII) Term mid-ocean ridge Definition a chain of mountains that runs through all the world's oceans Term obsidian Definition igneous rock; smooth texture; used for making sharp weapons Term Pangaea Definition supercontinent when continents were joined together Term phases Definition different shapes the moon seems to have when viewed from Earth Term plates Definition broken sections of the Earth's crust and upper mantle Term plate tectonics Definition the movement of plates to form land masses Term P wave Definition first wave (primary wave); "push-pull"; cause back-forth vibrations Term Richter scale Definition measures the energy released from the earthquake Term rift Definition a deep valley down the center of the mid-ocean ridge Term sea-floor spreading Definition process where magma pushes up through cracks in sea floor that cools to form new sea floor Term shield volcano Definition volcano: gentle slope; lava runs slowly out; erupts often; largest volcanoes Term solstice Definition dates in the year when Sun stops its apparent motion up or down in the sky Term stratovolcano (composite volcano) Definition volcano: steep; cone shaped; powerful eruptions; erupt often Term surface wave Definition "roll-sway"; cause the most damage; slow Term S wave Definition secondary wave; "up-down"; right angles; slower than first wave Term transform fault boundary Definition boundary where plates grind past each other Term vent Definition hole in crust where magma erupts [out of a volcano] Term volcano Definition mountain that contains magma and explodes cinders or lava Term weathering Definition gradual break down of rocks in the Earth's crust