Class/Action: Sympathomimetic (nonspecific)

Used to treat: Anaphylaxis, Cardiac Arrest

Contradictions: glaucoma

Adverse Effects: tachycardia

Class/Action: Beta2 adrenergic agonist (bronchodilator)

Used to treat: asthma

Contraindications: hypertension

Adverse Effects: tachycardia

Clonidine (Catapres)

Methyldopa (Aldomet)

Class/Action: selective alpha adrenergic

Used to treat: hypertension

Contraindications: none

Adverse Effects: palpitations, tremors, dizziness

Neosynephrine

Pseudeoephedrine (Sudafed)

c/a: selective adrenergic

treat: sinusitis, cold

con: HTN, DM

a/e: hypertension

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Propanolol (Inderal)

c/a: Beta blocker

treat: angina, HTN

con: asthma, heart block, many drug interactions

a/e: flushing, H/A, hypetension, laryngospams, reflex tachycardia

c/a: cholinergic/parasympathomimetic

treat: urinary retention

con: bradycardia, asthma, COPD

a/e: orthstatic hypotension, muscle weakness

c/a: anticholinergic/parasympatholytic

treat: preop salivation, increase heart rate, tremors

con: glaucoma, obstructive GI disorders

a/e: hypotension, tachycardia

Trihexyphenidyl HCI (Artane)

Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)

c/a: anticholinergic

treat: Parkinsons, EPS

con: glaucoma, angina, urinary or GI obstruction

a/e: tachycardia, urinary retention

c/a: antimuscarinic, anticholinergic

treat: incontinence

con: glaucoma, urinary retention

a/e: bronchitis, HTN, chest pain

c/a: amphetamine

treat: ADHD

con: seizures

a/e: hyperactivity

c/a: anorexian

treat: obesity

con: arrhythmias

a/e: insomnia

c/a: analeptic

treat: apnea, restore alertness

con: arrythmias

a/e: insomnia, tachycardia

c/a: selective serotonin1, receptor agonist (Triptan)

treat: migraine, cluster headaches

con: CAD, DM, liver or renal impairment

a/e: hypertension, hypotension, heart block, angina, seizures

Secobarbital (Seconal)

Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

c/a: barbiturate sedative

treat: preop sedation, insomnia, seizures

con: resp, renal, hepatic disease, alcohol, or other sedatives

a/e: excess sedation, respiratory depression, laryngospasm

c/a: sedative-hypnotic, nonbenzo

treat: insomnia

con: renal or hepatic dysfunction, elderly

a/e: tolerance/dependence, excess drowsiness, confusion

Diazepam (Valium)

Midazolam (Versed)

c/a: benzodiazepine sedative

treat: anesthetic induction, seizure

con: other sedatives, can't mix!

a/e: tolerance, falls, amnesia

c/a: local anesthetic

treat: local anesthesia

con: bradycardia

a/e: cardiac arrest

c/a: non-opioid analgesic, anti-inflammatory

treat: mild pain, fever

con: liver disease, alcoholism

a/e: hepatotoxicity, hemorrhage, hypeglycemia

c/a: COX-2 inhibitor (NSAID)

treat: chronic pain

con: liver disease

a/e: hepatotoxicity

c/a: opioid (narcotic)

treat: severe pain, CAD

con: ashtma, ICP, shock

a/e: excess sedation, respiratory depression, itching (common)

c/a: opioid (narcotic)

treat: severe pain

con: children, pregnancy

a/e: bradycardia, respiratory depression

c/a: narcotic antagonist

treat: overdose

con: none

a/e: induces severe pain & seizures if given too fast

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)

c/a: anticonvulsant, hydantoin

treat: seizures

con: heart block

a/e: depression, gingivitis

c/a: anticonvulsant

treat: seizures, neuropathic pain

con: GI ulcer

a/e: GI upset

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

c/a: anticonvulsant

treat: seizures, neuropathic pain

con: none

a/e: muscle flaccidity, depression

c/a: antiparkinsons-dopaminergic

treat: Parkinson's disease

con: glaucoma, GI obstruction

a/e: psychosis, depression, hypotension, urinary retention

c/a: antiparkinson-anticholinergic

treat: Parkinson's, EPS

con: glaucoma, GI obstruction

a/e: muscle weakness

c/a: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

treat: Alzheimer's, dementia

con: liver and renal disease

a/e: hepatotoxicity

c/a: Cholinesterase inhibitor

treat: Myasthenia gravis

con: asthma, bradycardia, renal disease, cardiac dysrhythmias

a/e: hypotension, bronchospasm, seizure, cardiac dysrhythmias

Carisoprodol (Soma)

Methocarbamol (Robaxin)

c/a: muscle relaxant

treat: spasticity, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy

con: liver or renal disease

a/e: tachycardia, hypotension, asthma

c/a: antipsychotic (neuroleptic)

treat: psychosis, schizophrenia

con: subcortical brain damage, renal or liver damage

a/e: EPS, tachycardia, tardive dyskinesia, convulsions

c/a: antipsychotic, neuroleptic, nonphenothiazine type

treat: acute & chronic psychoses, narcotic withdrawal symptoms, Tourette's, dementia

con: glaucoma, hepatic, renal & cardiovascular disease

a/e: EPS, seizures, urinary retention, laryngospasm, dysrhythmias

c/a: atypical antipsychotic

treat: psychosis, schizophrenia

con: dysrhythmias or liver damage

a/e: may cause dysrhythmias, EPS, weight gain

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Alprazolam (Xanax)

c/a: benzodiazepine anxiolytic

treat: anxiety, preop sedation, status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal

con: glaucoma, dysrhythmias

a/e: drowsiness, dizziness, confusion

Azithromycin (Zithromax)

Erythromycin (EES)

Vancomycin

c/a: macrolide Ab

treat: Pneumonia, gonorrhea (GC), skin, (for those allergic to PCN) *MRSA

con: hypersensitivity

a/e: diarrhea, hepatotoxicity in high doses, narrow therapeutic window, check BUN/creat

c/a: Tetracycline Ab

treat: systemic infection, H pylori, gonorrhea (GC), syphilis, Chlamydia, uncommon G+/G- infections

con: reanl, hepatic, hypokalemia, hypersensitivity, alcoholism

a/e: N/V, diarrhea, rash, pruritus superinfectiong (candidiasis)

c/a: Aminoglycoside Ab

treat: Serious G- infections (PID, pseudomonas, MRSA)

con: hypersensitivity, renal disease

a/e: N/V, tinnitus, oto/renal toxicity, monitor labs

Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

(also Cipro, Avelox)

c/a: Fluoroquinolone Ab

treat: Pneumonia, renal bone, joint infections, Gonorrhea, STDs

con: renal disease

a/e: hypoglycemia, N/V, fatigue, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

c/a: Sulfonamide Ab

treat: systemic infections, UTI, pneumonia, rheumatic fever

con: severe renal/hepatic disease or hypersensitivity

a/e: N/V, vertigo, leucopenia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, renal failure. Interacts with coumadin.

c/a: Sulfonamide Ab

treat: ulcerative colitis, Crohn's, RA

con: renal disease

a/e: N/V, bloody diarrhea

c/a: Sulfonamide

treat: burns

con: none

a/e: not near eyes

Isoniazid (INH)

Rifampin (Rlfadin)

c/a: anti-tubercular

treat: Tuberculosis (TB)

con: renal/hepatic disease, diabetic retinopathy

a/e: drowsiness, tremors, blurred vision, neuropathy

Amphotericin B*

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Miconazole (Monistat)

c/a: antifungal

treat: candidiasis (fungal infections), oral, vaginal, bladder

con: hypersensitivity

a/e: (*) anaphylaxis-test dose

N/V/D, cramps

c/a: peptide antibacterial (ointment)

treat: skin infections

con: allergies

a/e: neurotoxicity, paresthesias, N/V, renal damage, anemia

c/a: antibacterial, antiparasite

treat: GI/GU infections, (amebiasis)

con: sensitivity

a/e: GI discomfort

Aspirin-acetyl salicylic acid (ASA)

Indomethacin (Indocin)

c/a: antipyretic, analgesic, anti-platelet, inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

treat: fever, pain, inflammation, clotting

con: bleeding, renal/hepatic disorders, 3rd trimester pregnancy

a/e: tinnitus, GI bleed, GI upset (take with water, milk or food) EC-do not crush

Ibuprofen (motrin, advil, etc)

Ketolorac (Toradol)

c/a: NSAIDS

treat: fever, pain, inflammation

con: renal, hepatic, asthma, ulcer, bleeding disorders

a/e: GI bleed, GI upset, rash, fatigue, dizziness

c/a: NSAID: COX-2 inhibitor (better on stomach)

treat: arthritis, dysmenorrhea

con: renal, hepatic dysfunction, HTN, GI bleeding

a/e: dizziness, sinusitis, GI upset, peripheral edema

c/a: corticosteroids

treat: RA (refractory)

con: GI, asthma, (moony)

a/e: taper off dose gradually

Gold (Ridaura)

Infliximab (Remicade)

c/a: disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

treat: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn's

con: renal, hepatic, colitis, SLA, pregnancy

a/e: metallic taste, rash/dermatitis, hematuria infections, chest pain

c/a: immune suppressive

treat: sever RA

con: immune dysfunction

a/e: GI, Alopecia, bone marrow sup

Colchicine (Novocolchine)

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

Probenecid (Benemid)

c/a: anti-gout/anti-inflammatory, Uricosuric

treat: Gout (disease of kings)

con: renal disease, alcoholism

a/e: take with food, increase fluids; GI upset, rash, prutitus, metallic taste, cataract

c/a: sulfonamide antibacterial

treat: severe infections

con: allergy

a/e: anaphylaxis

Amoxicillin (Amoxil)

Dicloxacillin (Dynapen)

c/a: broad spectrum penicillin

treat: URI, UTI, sinus, STDs, otitis media

con: PCN allergy, renal disorder

a/e: anemia, stomatitis, diarrhea

c/a: 1st gen cephalosporins

treat: respiratory, urinary and skin infections

con: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

a/e: anaphylaxis, GI upset; monitor liver/renal functions

c/a: 2nd gen cephalosporin

treat: severe infections

con: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

a/e: anaphylaxis, GI upset; monitor liver/renal function

c/a: 3rd gen cephalosporin

treat: severe infections

con: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

a/e: anaphylaxis, GI upset; monitor liver/renal function

c/a: 4th gen cephalosporin

treat: severe resistant org

con: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

a/e: anaphylaxis, GI upset; monitor liver/renal function

Amantadine (Symmetrel)

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

c/a: antiviral

treat: influenza A

con: hypersensitivity

a/e: fever, 48hr window

c/a: antiviral

treat: CMV, Herpes/AIDS

con: hypersensitivity

a/e: Rash, N/V/D

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Valcylovir (Valtrex)

Famciclovir (Famvir)

Ganciclovir (Cytovene)

c/a: purine nucleoside, antiviral

treat: HSV, HPV, CMV

con: renal, hepatic, hypersensitivity

a/e: N/V/D pruritus, nephroneurotoxicity with aminoglycosides

AZT, Retrovir (Zidovudine)

Indiavir (Crixivan)

c/a: antiviral, HIV (reverse transcriptase inhibitor + protease inhibitor)

treat: HIV, AIDS

con: renal/hepatic

a/e: diarrhea

c/a: antimalarial

treat: acute malaria

con: renal

a/e: blurred vision, psychosis, anemia

Mebendazole (Vermox)

Piperazine (Antepar)

c/a: antihelminth

treat: Trichinosis, helminthiasis

con: liver disease

a/e: GI upset, dizziness, weakness, heachache

c/a: urinary antiinfective

treat: UTI (E coli)

con: hypersensitivity, renal impairment

a/e: rust-colored urine, anemia

c/a: broad spectrum antibacterial (quinolone type)

treat: UTI, soft tissue and joint infections

con: seizure disorders

a/e: photosensitivity avoid sunlight

c/a: sulfonamid antibiotic

treat: serious UTI and otitis media

con: hypersensitivity

a/e: bladder spasms

c/a: urinary analgesic

treat: pain of UTI

con: take with Ab

a/e: urine will be red-orange

Oxybutynin (Ditropan)

Flavoxate (Urispas)

c/a: urinary antispasmodic

treat: cystitis, bladder spasm, incontinence

con: glaucoma

a/e: dry mouth, blurred vision

c/a: mixed antibiotic

treat: serious UTI, septicemia, pneumonia

con: renal impairment

a/e: monitor for renal dysfunction

c/a: combination antibiotic

treat: serious UTI & other major infections (endocarditis)

con: safety not established

a/e: monitor for renal dysfunction