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Drug Indications
Exam 1
86
Pharmacology
Graduate
02/17/2012

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Cards

Term
Fluoxetine-
Definition

*MDD
*OCD

*Panic disorder +/- agoraphobia

*Bulimia

*PMDD 

Term
Sertraline
Definition

*MDD

*OCD
*SAD
*Panic Disorder +/- agoraphobia

*PTSD

*PMDD 

Term
Paroxetine
Definition

*MDD
*OCD
*SAD
*GAD
*Panic disorder+/- agoraphobia

*PTSD
*PMDD 

Term
Citalopram
Definition
*MDD
Term
Escitalopram
Definition
*MDD
*GAD 
Term
Fluvoxamine
Definition

*OCD

*Social Anxiety disorder 

*(not approved for MDD)

Term
Venlafaxine
Definition

*MDD

*GAD
*SAD
*Panic disorder +/- agroraphobia 

Term
Desvenlafaxine
Definition
*MDD
Term
Duloxetine
Definition

*MDD
*GAD

*Pain from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, FM, Chronic musculoskeletal pain 

Term
Milnacipran
Definition
*FM
Term
Vilazodone
Definition
*MDD
Term
Buproprion
Definition

*MDD
*Seasonal affective disorders

*Adjunct in smoking cessation 

Term
Trazadone
Definition

*MDD

*Low dose for insomnia (off label)

Term
Mirtazapine
Definition
*MDD (esp if insomnia or anorexia present)
Term
TCA's (Imipramine, Clomnipramine, Amitryptline, Doxepin, Desipramine, Nortriptyline)
Definition

*MDD

*Noctural enuresis (Imipramine)

*Insomnia (Doxepin)

*OCD (Clomipramine)

*Neuropathic pain and migraine prophylaxis (unlabeled use)

Term
MAOa Inhibitors (Isocarboxazid, Tranylcypromie, Phenelzine)
Definition
*Atypical MDD (depression with hyperphagia or hyperinsomnia) 
Term
MAOb Inhibitor (Selegiline)
Definition
*Atypical MDD
Term
Depression+pain
Definition
SNRI or TCA
Term
Depression+insomnia
Definition
Mirtazapine or trazadone
Term
Depression+sexual dysfcn concerns
Definition
Bupropion or Mirtazapine
Term
Depression+wt gain concerns
Definition
Fluoxetine or bupropion
Term
Buspirone
Definition
*GAD
Term
Alprazolam
Definition
*GAD
*Panic disorder +/- agoraphobia 
Term
Clonazepam
Definition

*Panic disorder +/- agoraphobia

*Seizure disorders

Term
Lorazepam
Definition

*Status epilepticus

*Sedation/amnesia

*ETOH withdrawal/agitation

Term
Diazepam
Definition

*Various seizure disorders

*Conscious sedation

Term
Midazolam
Definition
*Conscious sedation
Term
Lithium
Definition
*Mood stabilizer for bipolar
Term
Atypical Antipsychotics (Clozapine, Risperidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Ziprasidone, Aripiprazole, Paliperidone, Asenapine, Iloperiodone, Lurasidone)
Definition

*Tx of schizo

*Tx of bipolar disorder (acute mania or mixed episodes; maintenance)

Term
Special Indications fro Aripiprazole, Quetiapine and Olanzapine
Definition
*Depression Adjunct
Term
Special Indications for Clozapine
Definition

*Tx refractory schizo

*Recurrent suicidal behavior risk reduction in schizo/shizoaffective disorder

Term
Stimulants (Methylphenidate, Dexmethylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine, Lisdexamphetamine)
Definition

*ADHD

*Sx management of narcolepsy

*depression in the medically ill/ICU (unlabeled use)

Term
Atomoxetine
Definition
*ADHD
Term
Guanfacine
Definition
*ADHD
Term
Clonidine
Definition
*ADHD
Term
Antihistamines (Diphenhydramine and Doxylamine)
Definition
*Sleep aids (good for sleep maintenance)
Term
Doxepin
Definition
*Tx of insomnia (Sleep maintenance)
Term
BZD's (Triazolam, Estazolam, Temazepam, Flurazepam, Quazepam)
Definition
*Sleep aids (save for pts who don't respond adequately to good sleep hygiene, NBRA's, remelteon +/- low dose trazadone or doxepin)
Term
NBRAs (Zaleplon, Zolpidem, Eszopiclone)
Definition
*Tx of insomnia (Sleep onset and maintenance)
Term
Melatonin
Definition
*Tx of insomnia characterized by difficulty falling asleep (Sleep onset)
Term
CBZ
Definition

*Partial seizures with complex symptomatology (psychomotor, temporal lobe)

*mixed seizure patterns

*tx of chronic pain syndromes 

Term
Oxcarbazepine
Definition
*Monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in partial seizures
Term
Phenytoin
Definition

*Generalized tonic-clonic and complex partial seizures

*prevention os seizures following head trauma/NS

Term
Lamotrigine
Definition

*Maintenace tx of bipolar disorder

*Tx of seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

*Not FDA approved: initial tx for newly dx'd partial epilepsy, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, and mixed seizure disorders

Term
Lacosamide
Definition
*Add-on thearpy in adults with partial-onset seizures
Term
Zonisamide
Definition
*Add on thearpy for partial seizures
Term
Rufinamide
Definition
*Seizures assoc with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Term
Ethosuximide
Definition
*Tx of absence (petit mal) seizures
Term
Gabapentin
Definition

*Adjunct for partial seizures with and without secondary generalized seizures

*management of postherpetic neuropathy

*restless leg syndrome

Term
Pregabalin
Definition

*Adjunctive for partial seizures in adults

*FM
*Management of peripheral neuropathies 

Term
Phenobarbital
Definition
*Tx of generalized and partial seizures
Term
Tiagabine
Definition
*Adjunctive tx for partial seizures
Term
Vigabatrin
Definition

*Add-on therapy for complex partial seizures in adults who are refractory to several AED's

*Monotherapy for infantile spasms (orphan drug)

Term
Valproate
Definition

*Monotherapy and adjunctive therapy in pts with multiple seizure types (including absence seizures)

*Mania assoc with bipolar disorder

*Migraine prophylaxis

Term
Topiramate
Definition
*AAN Recommendations: initial therapy for newly dx'd partial and mixed seizure disorders, monotherapy for refractory generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures, migraine prophylaxis
Term
Felbamate
Definition

*Partial seizures

*Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

Term
Levetiracetam
Definition
*Add on therapy for adults with partial onset, myoclonic +/- primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures
Term
Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine)
Definition
*Mild to moderate Alzheimers dz
Term
Memantine
Definition
*Tx of moderate to severe Alzheimers dz
Term
Levodopa
Definition
*Most effective drug for PD symptomatic tx
Term
PO Dopamine Agonists (Ropinirole and Pramipexole)
Definition

*Alternate 1st line or add-on therapy to levodopa

*restless leg syndrome

Term
SQ Dopamine Agonists (Apomorphine)
Definition
*Tx of immobility ("off" episodes) in advanced PD
Term
MAOb Inhibitors (Selegiline and Rasagiline)
Definition

*Early PD dz-can be used as inital therapy to improve sx's  in pt with early PD

*Later dz-adjunctive management when levodopa efficacy is deteriorating

Term
Anticholinergics (Trihexyphenidyl, Benztropine)
Definition

*Early PD dz-may be helpful in pts who present with mild tremor 

*Later dz-May be used to enhance the effects of levodopa and may help with drooling

Term
Amantadine
Definition

*Early PD dz-may be used as inital theapy in mild dz (resting tremor)

*later dz-adjunct tx (in pts with levodopa-induced dyskinesias)

Term
Triptans (Sumatriptan, Zolmitriptan, Rizatriptan, Almotriptan, Eletriptan, Naratriptan, Frovatriptan)
Definition

*Early use (mild-mod pain) d/t migraines

*Partial response or migraine recurrence more likely with later use (mod-severe pain)

Term
Ergot products (Ergotamine, Ergotamine/caffeine, Dihydroergotamine)
Definition
*Years of use for migraine (but less effective than triptans)
Term
Metformin
Definition

*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)

*Management of insulin resistance in PCOS

Term
Sulfonylureas (Chlorpropamide, Glyburide, Glipizide, Glimepiride)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono and combo therapy)
Term
Meglitinides (Nateglinide and Repaglinide)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)
Term
Thiazolideinediones (Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)
*Management of insulin resistance in PCOS pts 
Term
Acarbose and Miglitol (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)
Term
Incretins (Exenatide and Liraglutide)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)
Term
DPP-IV inhibitors (Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin)
Definition
*Management of DMII (mono or combo therapy)
Term
Prandial Insulins (regular, Lispro, Aspart, Glusiline)
Definition
*Management of DMI
Term
Basal Insulin (NPH, Glargine, Detemir)
Definition
*Management of DMI
Term
Biphasic Insulins (70 NPH/30 Regular; 30 Aspart/70 Protamine)
Definition
*Less flexibility overall but good for pt unwilling to do more than 2injections/d, duration of action lasts longer in CKD pts
Term
Estrogen
Definition

*No longer 1st line for Osteoporosis b/c of increased risk of breast CA, VTE, CVA and perhaps CAD

*Persistent menopausal sx's

*Women with an indication for antiresorptive therapy who cannot tolerate other drugs

Term
Raloxifene
Definition

*Prevention and tx of osteoporosis

*Risk reduction for women with invasive breast CA

Term
Disphosphonates (Etidronate and Tiludronate)
Definition
*Symptomatic tx of Pagets dz of bone
Term
Aminobisphosphonates (Alendronate, Ibandronate, Risedronate, Zoledronic acid)
Definition

*Prevention and tx of osteoporosis (note: not pamindronate)

*Hypercalcemia assoc with malignancy and Pagets dz

Term
Denosumab
Definition

*Tx of osteoporosis

*Prevention of skeletal-related events in pts with bone metastases from solid tumors

Term
Teriparatide
Definition
*Tx of osteoporosis in pts at high risk of fx (for up to 2yrs)
Term
Levothyroxine
Definition
*Replacement or supplemental therapy in congenital or acquired hypothyroidism
Term
Thionamides (PTU and Methimazole)
Definition

*Palliative tx of hyperthyroidism as an adjunct to ameliorate hyperthyroidism in prep for surgery or RAI therapy

*Management of thyrotoxic crisis

Term
Sodium Iodide I-131
Definition
*Hyperthyroid states
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