Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Drug Actions
N/A
41
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
10/11/2009

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Cards

Term
H₂- Receptors
Definition
Suppress volume and stomach acidity
Term
Antacids
Definition
Neutralize stomach acid, inhibits pepsin
Term
Proton Pump Inhibitor
Definition

Blocks hydrogen- potassium ATP enzyme system of gastric parietal cells

Blocks final step of acid production

 

Term
Antipeptic Agent
Definition

Protects gastric mucosa by coating ulcer craters against acid, pepsin, bile

Inhibits pepsin from protein breakdown

Term
Prostaglandins
Definition
Inhibits gastric acid secretion and ↑ bicarbonate and mucus production in stomach
Term
Digestive Enzymes
Definition

Saliva: Contains elect./ carboxymethycellulose, acts as a thickening agent for dry mouth

 

Pancreatic enzymes: Replacement enzymes that help digest./ absorb. of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates

Term
Anti- infectives
Definition
Destroy bacteria in urinary tract
Term
Anti- Spasmotics
Definition

Block spasms of urinary tract muscles

 

Block sympathetic activity

 

Relax detrusor

Term
Analgesics
Definition
When excreted, it exerts a direct topical analgesic effect on the urinary mucosa
Term
Bladder Protectant
Definition
Adheres to bladder walls, acts as a buffer to control cell permeability;  prevents irritating solutes from reaching bladder cell walls
Term
Med to treat BPH
Definition
Blocks dilation of arterioles and veins in bladder and urinary tract (alpha-adrenergic blockers) → sphincter relaxes
Term
Non Obstructive Urinary Retention
Definition

Stimulates micturition

 

Relax bladder sphincter, ↑ tone of detrusor muscle

Term
Bronchodilators- Xanthines
Definition

Affects the smooth muscles of the resp. tract. (Bronchi and blood vessels)

Term
Sympathomimetics
Definition

Beta₂ adrenergic agonists

 

Dilation of bronchi and increased resp. rate

Term
Anticholinergics
Definition
Block vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine
Term
Inhaled Steroids
Definition
Decrease inflammatory response in airway
Term
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists
Definition
Blocks/ antagonizes receptors for the production of leukotrienes
Term
Lung Surfactants
Definition
Replace the surfactant missing in lungs
Term
Phenothiazines
Definition
Reduces the hyperactivity of the vomiting reflex by inhibiting the CTZ
Term
Nonphenothiazine
Definition

Slow GI activity

 

Sedating

Term
Anticholinergics/ Antihistamines
Definition

Block cholinergic receptors in vomiting center

 

Anticholinergic-(act as antihistamines → block impulses to CTZ)

Term
Serotonin 5-HT₃
Definition
Block receptors associated w/ N/V in the CTZ
Term
Substance P/ Neurokinin 1 receptor agonists
Definition
Act directly on CNS to block receptors assocated w/ N/V
Term
Emetic
Definition
Induce vomiting
Term
Chemical Stimulants
Definition

Chemically irritates GI tract lining

 

Stimulates nerve plexus

Term
Bulk Stimulants
Definition
↑ motility by ↑ fluid = enlarges bulk, stimulates stretch receptors
Term
Lubricants
Definition

Lubricates intestinal bolus

 

Less H₂O absorbed out of bolus

Term
Gastrointestinal Stimulants
Definition
Blocks dopamine receptors and makes GI cells sensitive to acetylcholine = ↑ GI activity
Term
Antidiarrheal
Definition
Effects GI tract muscle layers to slow peristalsis and allow ↑ of F/E absorption
Term
Antitussives
Definition
Acts on medullary cough center of the brain to depress cough reflex
Term
Topical Nasal Decongestants
Definition
Contraction of sphincters and constriction of secretory cells
Term
Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestants
Definition
Not known
Term
Antihistamines
Definition

Blocks effects of histamine at histamine-1 receptor sites, which decreases the allergic response

Term
Expectorants
Definition
Reduces adhesiveness and surface tension of fluids, allowing easier movement and release of secretions
Term
Mucolytics
Definition
Breaks down mucus to cough up thick secretions
Term
Thiazide
Definition
Blocks Cl¯ → no sodium reabsorption
Term
Loop Diuretics
Definition
Block Cl¯ pump in ascending loop → no sodium reabsorption and chloride
Term
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Definition

Block carbonic anhydrase, slow movement of H⁺

 

Na⁺/ HCO₃¯ lost in urine

Term
Potassium- Sparing Diuretics
Definition
Lose Na⁺ → Retain K⁺
Term
Osmotics
Definition
Pull H2O into renal tubule w/out Na⁺ loss
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