Term
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Definition
| Compression to the median nerve in the anterior wrist due to hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, amyloidosis etc. It is a very painful condition |
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Term
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Definition
| The most commonly fractured carpal bone |
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Term
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Definition
| The most commonly dislocated carpal bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Defect/ disorder involving the abnormal development of the clavicle at medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3. This disorder can lead to fractures in clavicle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to cleidocranial dyostosis, what happens when there is increased pressure from childbirth? |
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Term
| Fractures of the surgical neck |
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Definition
| Injury to the axillary nerve |
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Term
| Fractures of the middle of the shaft |
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Definition
| May cause injury to the radial nerve causing wrist drop |
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Term
| Fractures to the medial epicondyle |
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Definition
| Injury to the ulnar nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| Fracture of the distal end of the radius, posterior displacement. Falling on hand with extended arm (eg.: falling on ice). May be accompanied by avulsion of ulnar styloid process |
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Term
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Definition
| A double layer membrane covering carpal groove anteriorly and produces the carpal tunnel for transmission of flexor muscles and median nerve. |
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Term
| Tubercle of scaphoid, pisiform, tubercle of trapezium and hook of Hamate. |
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Definition
| Points of insertion of flexor retinaculum |
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Term
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Definition
| The two rows of the carpal bones produce the carpal groove which concaves anteriorly |
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Term
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Definition
| An ulnar(medial) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement in the forearm? |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of ossification that takes place in the clavicle which occurs in the connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| articulates with the clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
| The second most commonly fractured bond in the wrist |
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Term
| Short head of biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and pectoralis minor |
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Definition
| What originates from the coracoid process? |
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Term
| abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, lateral rotation, medial rotation, and circumduction |
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Definition
| What are the movements of the shoulder joint? |
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Term
| Dislocation of the shoulder joint |
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Definition
| traumatic separation of the proximal epiphysis under 18-20 years. Also, in younger children since the capsule is stronger. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ulnar (medial) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement of the forearm? |
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Term
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Definition
| A radial (lateral) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement of the forearm? |
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Term
| Tuburcle of schaphoid, pisiform, tuburcle of trapezium, and hook of hamate |
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Definition
| What are the points of insertion of the flexor retinaculum? |
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Term
| Typically, local steroid injection or splinting is suggested befor surgery. Surgery may be done by complete division of flexor retinaculum. Other options are oral steroids or ultrasound. |
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Definition
| What are the treatments of carpal tunnel sydrome? |
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Term
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Definition
| An ulnar(medial) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement in the forearm? |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of ossification that takes place in the clavicle which occurs in the connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| articulates with the clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
| The second most commonly fractured bond in the wrist |
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Term
| Short head of biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and pectoralis minor |
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Definition
| What originates from the coracoid process? |
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Term
| abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, lateral rotation, medial rotation, and circumduction |
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Definition
| What are the movements of the shoulder joint? |
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Term
| Dislocation of the shoulder joint |
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Definition
| traumatic separation of the proximal epiphysis under 18-20 years. Also, in younger children since the capsule is stronger. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ulnar (medial) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement of the forearm? |
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Term
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Definition
| A radial (lateral) collateral ligament injury in a sprain may lead to what abnormal movement of the forearm? |
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Term
| Tuburcle of schaphoid, pisiform, tuburcle of trapezium, and hook of hamate |
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Definition
| What are the points of insertion of the flexor retinaculum? |
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Term
| Typically, local steroid injection or splinting is suggested befor surgery. Surgery may be done by complete division of flexor retinaculum. Other options are oral steroids or ultrasound. |
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Definition
| What are the treatments of carpal tunnel sydrome? |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Most important abductor of the arm up to 90 degrees.
Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Adductor of the arm and belongs to the rotator cuff muscle
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C4-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Lateral rotator of the arm, and belongs to the rotator cuff muscle
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Lateral rotator of the arm, and belongs to the rotator cuff muscle
Innervaion: Axillary nerve(C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Adduction and medial rotator of the arm
Innervation: Subscapular Nerve (C6-C7) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Involved in medial rotation, extension, adduction of the arm, a muscle of respiration
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve(C6, C7, C8) |
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Term
| Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, Teres minor, and subscapularis |
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Definition
| Which muscles belong to the rotator cuff muscles? |
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Term
| Tendinopathy of the supraspinatus, calcification, pain, tendon rupture, and avulsion of the greater tuburcle |
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Definition
| What injuries can be found in the rotator cuff? |
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Term
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Definition
Fuction: Adduction and medial rotation of humerus
Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerve (C5-T1) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Pulls the scapula forward and downward, involved in rotation of scapula
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) |
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Term
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Definition
| Helps to maintain the stability of the shoulder joint |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Aids in flexion and adduction of the arm
Innervation: Musculotcutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Elevation of the arm over 90 degrees, protracts scapula, and muscle used in respiration
Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7) |
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Term
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Definition
Lifting arm beyond 90 degrees is not possible
Differential diagnosis: Rhomboid M injury; arm elevation is normal |
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Term
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Definition
| What muscle is involved in a winged scapula? |
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Term
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Definition
Funtion: Arm adduction and medial rotation
Innervation: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerve (C5, C6, C7) |
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Term
| Biceps Brachii, coracobrachiallis, brachialis |
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Definition
| The muscles innervated by musculocutaneous nerve? |
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Term
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Definition
Fuction: both heads aid in flexion of the shoulder joint, flexor and strong supinator of the forearm
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Function: Powerful flexor of the elbow joint
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Chief etensor of elbow joint
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Function: Chief extensor of elbow joint
Innervation: Radial nerve(C6, C7, C8) |
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Term
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Definition
| Innervates the posterior aspect of the arm |
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Term
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Definition
| Falling on the shoulder damaging the upper brachial plexus (C5-C6). |
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Term
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Definition
| Forced abduction of the can lead to damage of lower brachial plexus (C8-T1). Paralysis of the forearm and small muscle of hand (Claw hand) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Flexes the hand and tenses the palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: Median nerve (C7-C8) |
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Term
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Definition
Function: Pronation of the forearm and flexion of the elbow
Innervation: Median nerve (C6-C7) |
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Term
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Definition
| Innervates the anterior aspect of the forearm except the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
| Function: Palmar flexion and radial abduction of hand |
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Term
| Flexor digitorum superficialis |
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Definition
F: Strong flexors of the finger and flexes the wrist, runs in the carpal tunnel
N: Median nerve(C7, C8, T1) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Hand flexion and adduction, carpal tunnel
N: Ulnar nerve (C7-C8) |
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Term
| Flexor digitorum profundus |
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Definition
F: Flexor of the wrist joints
N: Median nerve and Ulnar nerve (hybrid) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Flexor of the terminal phalanx (thumb)
N: Median nerve |
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Term
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Definition
F: Pronates the forearm
N: Median nerve (C8-T1) |
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Term
| Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, median nerve |
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Definition
| Contents of the carpal tunnel |
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Term
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Definition
F: Brings the forearm into mid-position between pronation and supination (beer drinking muscle)
N: Radial nerve (C5-C7) |
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Term
| Extensor carpi radialis longus |
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Definition
F: Extensor and abductor of hand at wrist joint
N: Radial nerve |
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Term
| Extenson carpi radialis brevis |
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Definition
F: Extensor and abductor of the hand at wrist joint
N: Radial nerve |
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Term
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Definition
F: Extends the four medial fingers and dorsiflexion of the hand at wrist
N: Post. interosseous branch of deep radial nerve (C7, C8) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Extension of the 5th digiti and dorsiflexion of hand
N: Post. interosseous branch of deep radial nerve (C7, C8) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Extends and adducts the hands
N: Post. interosseous branch of deep radial nerve (C7, C8) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Supinates the forearm
N: Deep branch of the radial nerve (C5-C6) |
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Term
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Definition
F: Abduction of the thumb and its extension at the carpometacarpal joint
N: Post. interosseous of deep radial nerve (C7-C8) |
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Term
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Definition
| Extension of the proximan phalans at metacarpophalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers the carpal bones dorsally and has septae which produce 6 tendons of the extensor muscles and abductor pollicis longus |
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Term
1: Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
2: Extensor carpi radialis longus and Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3: Extensor pollicis longus
4: Extensor digitorum and extensor inicis
5: Extensor digiti minimi
6: Extensor carpi ulnaris |
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Definition
| What runs throught the 6 compartments of the extensor retinaculum? |
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Term
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Definition
| The thumb flexors and thenar muscles are paralyzed except the adductor. Median nerve injury |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of the interossei muscles and the two medial lumbrical muscles. ulnar nerve injury |
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Term
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Definition
| Upper brachial plexus damage at C5-C6 due to falling on the shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| Lower brachial plexus damage at C8-T1. Forced abduction of the shoulder at birth that leads to paralysis of the intrinsic muscle of the hand and anesthesia |
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Term
| Hand of papal benediction |
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Definition
| 1st and 2nd lumbricals lost function and all together inabiolity to fully flex index and middle finger |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used to measure arterial blood pressure at the region |
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Term
| Volkmann's ischemic contracture |
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Definition
| It occurs when the brachial artery is lacerated or completely compressed for too long. This causes fibrous scar tissue to build up and the muscles are permanently shortened resulting in loss of finger contraction and wrist flexion. |
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Term
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Definition
| It contains ulnar nerve, artery and vein. NOTE: these structures do not go through the carpal tunnel |
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Term
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Definition
| innervated by the median nerve and ulnar nerve (hybrid muscle) |
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Term
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Definition
| The contents are the radial artery and superficial radial artery |
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Term
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Definition
| What nerve doesn't have direct contact with the carpal bones? |
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Term
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Definition
| What nerve runs between the two heads of the supinator muscle? |
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Term
| tendon of the flexor digitorum superficialis |
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Definition
| What tendons split on the fingers? |
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Term
| tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus |
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Definition
| What passes through this dichotomy? |
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Term
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Definition
| What drains 75% of the brast and are biopsied when breast cancer is suspected? |
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Term
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Definition
| What artery is used to take blood pressure? |
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Term
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Definition
| What artery is used to take the pulse? |
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