Ionic Compounds

M + NM

Subscript

Ratio of combination

must give compund w/ zero charge

Covalent Nomenclature

NM + NM

binary

Mono

One

Di

Two

Tri

Three

Tetra

Four

Penta

Five

Hexa

Six

Hepta

Seven

Octa

Eight

Nona

Nine

Deca

Ten

How do we check for octets in a Lewis structure?

Count the valence electrons to see if there are 8

Electronegativity

Ability of atom to attract e-'s in covalent bound

Electronegativity = Small (0 - 0.4)

Covalent

NM + NM

Electronegativity 0.4 - 1.7

Polar Covalent

NM + NM

Electronegativity > 1.7

Ironic

M + NM

Name

N₂O

dinitrogen monoxide

Name

NO₂

Nitrogen dioxide

Name

Al₂(SO₄)₃

Aluminum sulfate

Name

P₄O₁₀

Tetraphosphorus Decaoxide

Name

Li₂O

Lithium Oxide

Formula

Iodine tricholoride

ICl₃

Formula

Calcium nitride

CaN₂

Formula

Carbon monoxide

CO

Trend for electronegativity

nonmetals have high electronegativity

metals have low

Which element is most electronegative?

Fluorine

Where can the least electronegative elements be found?

On the left of the periodic table

Most likely charge for an ion formed from calcium is?

+2

compound fromed from hydrogen and bromine is expected to be an _____ compound?

Covalent

Carbon has a _____ electronegativity then Oxygen?

Lesser

What are products of complete combustion of hydrocarbon?

Carbon dioxide and water

H₂O is expected to be a ____ molecule?

Bent

In a balanced chemical equation the total number of moles of reactants _____  have to equal to the total number of moles of products

dosn't

the carbon chlorine bond in carbon tetrachloride is expected to be _______

polar

% Yield

= actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%

Combination Reactions

two or more elements or simple compounds bond together to form one product.

Decomposition Reactions

splits two or more simpler products

Oxidation - Reduction

definded as reactions with a loss and a gain of e-'s among the reactants.

Metals lose e-'s

Nonmetals gain them

Single displacement

reacting element switches place with an element in the other reacting compound.

Double displacement

positive ions in the reacting compunds switch places.

What is a hydrocarbon

organic compounds consisting of only carbon and hydrogen