Term
| Innateness of Language - Nativism |
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Definition
| learning to talk like walking (may not do it at start, but there is a biological blueprint for development that unfolds w/maturation) |
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Term
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Definition
Nature: anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract leads to the sounds babies produce; as motor capacity develops, so does phonolgoy
nurture: children learn sounds by imitation and parental reinforcement - parental response leads to more vocalization |
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Term
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Definition
nature: lexical constraints
nurture: child-directed speech, amount of language contribute to vocabulary growth |
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Term
Grammar is learned
Behavioralist Approach |
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Definition
imitation, classical conditioning and operant conditioning principles are used to account for language learning
-successful linguistic attempts get rewarded(reinforced), unsuccessful attempts get ignored or punished
-shaped by adults behavior
*doesn't do a good job explaining how children acquire language |
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Term
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Definition
| all kids are capable of learning any language, therefore they must possess blueprint |
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Term
| Grammar is Innate Problems |
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Definition
Learnability Problem: there is too much ambiguity between what children hear and its meaning
No Negative evidence: very little feedback on grammatical correctness or incorrectness of profuctions |
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Term
| Modularity of Language - Nativist View |
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Definition
language is "special"
-principles that govern acquisition of lang are specific to domain of lang - that is, there is a lang -specific module in human mind |
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Term
Modularity of Language
universal grammar
language acquisition device |
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Definition
UG - principles and basic components of lang that respond to specific linguistic experience
LAD - collection of grammatical principles that are universal across lang, takes input and uses it to produce the particular grammar |
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Term
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Definition
languages that develop due to contact between speakers of two different and mutally incomprehensible-languages
-vocab comes from one of the languages
-developed rapidly |
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Term
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Definition
pidgin learned as child's first lang, the mother tongue of community
children learning pidgin of L1 impose grammar on language they learn, yielding creole
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