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DNA & RNA
These flashcards are for studying the structure of DNA, and RNA
20
Biology
10th Grade
10/20/2010

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Term
Frederick Griffith Discovered that...
Definition
Genetic Information could be TRANSFERRED between bacteria. "Transformation"
Term
Oswald Avery repeated experiments made by Griffith to find out...
Definition
To find out what MOLECULE was transforming the bacteria.
Term
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase worked with viruses (called bacteriophages)and they...
Definition
They RADIOACTIVELY MARKED the DNA of the viruses.
Term
What does marked viruses of infected DNA tell us about DNA
Definition
DNA is the genetic material of the viruses, not the protein coat.
Term
What is DNA?
Definition
Deoxyribo (Sugar) Nucleic Acid
Term
What are the 3 basic parts of DNA
Definition
1. 5-Carbon sugar (Deoxyribose)
2. Phosphate Group
3. Nitrogen Base
Term
Erwin Chargraff discovered....
Definition
That the percentage of ADENINE in DNA is EQUAL to the percentage of THYMINE. Same is true for CYTOSINE and GUANINE
Term
Chargraffs Rule:
Definition
A=T and C=G

Adenine=Thymine and Cytosine=Guanine
Term
Rosalind Franklin used ______ to study the structure of DNA and found out what?
Definition
She used X-RAYS and discovered that the structure of DNA coiled around one another in a SPIRAL. (Nitrogenous bases are near the center)
Term
Francis Crick and James Watson tired to build a 3D model of DNA but were unsuccessful until...
Definition
They Saw a copy of Rosalind Franklin's picture.
Term
The Coiled DNA is called _______
Definition
Chromatin
Term
DNA is tightly coiled up around _______
Definition
Hi-stone proteins
Term
DNA is located in the ________
Definition
NUCLEUS
Term
During Mitosis the DNA is ________ and the chromatin turns into __________
Definition
DNA is DUPLICATED. Chromatin becomes Chromosomes.
Term
DNA is shown as a ______
Definition
Double Helix with two strands around each other. (The nitrogen bases are facing inward.)
Term
Based on Chargraffs Rule DNA is made up of two..........
Definition
COMPLEMENTARY strands.
Term
DNA replication occurs at ______
Definition
REPLICATION FORKS
Term
_______ unzips the DNA molecule by breaking _________.
Definition
HELICASE unzips the DNA molecule by breaking HYDROGEN BONDS.
Term
___________ adds nucleotides to the strand, creating a double-stranded DNA molecule that is a _____ of the original.
Definition
DNA POLYMERASE adds nucleotides to the strand, creating a double- stranded DNA molecule that is a COPY of the original.
Term
Replication is...........
Definition
SEMI-CONSERVATIVE
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