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Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid
A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. It consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics.
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a unit of a chromosome that codes for a specific hereditary trait. Examples of this could include eye color, dwarfism, Rh factor, and thalassemia
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an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences.
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| An alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair) that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome. For example, the gene for seed shape in pea plants exists in two forms, one form for round seed shape (R) and the other for wrinkled seed shape (r) |
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A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosome; the process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome.
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a mutation in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is missing.
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