Term
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Definition
| refers to disorders that lead to degeneration and changes in muscle structure |
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Term
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Definition
a protein needed for normal muscle function
- produced by a gene on the X chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| destroy spinal motoneurons and sometimes cranial motoneurons |
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Term
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Definition
an autoimmune disorder, where the patient develops antibodies to his own ACh receptors
- characterized by a weakness of skeletal muscles |
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Term
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) |
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Definition
Lou Gehrig's disease; degeneration of motoneurons and the subsequent loss of their target muscles
- a rare form is heritable, but there are other causes |
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Term
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Definition
| reflexes below the level of the injury are lost |
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Term
1. Provide stem cells, to differentiate into new neurons
2. Transplant glial cells to promote regeneration
3. Neurotrophic factors/adhesion molecules
4. Transplant peripheral nerves |
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Definition
| 4 strategies to reconnect a severed spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Weakness of voluntary movements |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to carry out movements, although no muscle paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to complete a simple motor activity on command |
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Term
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Definition
| impairment in completing a sequence of tasks, although able to do each step |
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Term
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Definition
causes tremors, loss of muscle tone, and difficulty in motor movements
- patients show degeneration of dopamine-containing cells in the substantia nigra, which project to the striatum |
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Term
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Definition
| a precursor to dopamine, and its use reduces some symptoms of Parkinson's disease |
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Term
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Definition
also caused by basal ganglia damage, but shows excessive movement (tics)
- progressive destruction takes place in the caudate nucleus and putamen |
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Term
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Definition
| uppermost part of the cerebellum; receives information about body location in space and anticipates movement |
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Term
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Definition
results in abnormalities of gait and posture
- ataxia may appear in the legs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the lowermost part of the cerebellum; implicated in planning complex movements |
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Term
| Decomposition of Movement |
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Definition
| describes gestures made in segment, not smoothly |
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Term
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Definition
| causes cognitive deficits |
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Term
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Definition
| the middle part of the crebellum; receives information about body orientation and helps to maintain posture and orientation to the external world |
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Term
| Vestibulocerebellar Damage |
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Definition
| produces errors in gaze and difficulty tracking visual objects |
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