Term
Hemophilus influenzae Meningitis
(cause) |
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Definition
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Term
Meningococcal Meningitis
(cause) |
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Definition
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Term
Pneumococcal meningitis
(cause) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Clostridium tetani
exotoxin
anaerobic bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
Clostridium botulinum
exotoxin
anaerobic bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Arboviral encephalitis
(cause) |
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Definition
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Term
Hemophilus influenzae Meningitis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Cause of meningitis in children under 5
Ear infections
Respiratory route
Sporadic cases
6% mortality
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Term
Meningococcal meningitis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Caused by Gram - coccus
Causing vascular collapse
Vaccine used in military/colleges
Epidemic, death within a few hours in severe cases
10% mortality
Respiratory route |
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Term
Pneumococcal Meninigitis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Caused by Gram + cocci, common in nasophayngeal region
Most common meningitis in adults
26% mortality
Respiratory route |
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Term
Listeriosis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Caused by Gram + rods that grow at refrigerator temp
Flu like symptoms common
Foodborne, commonly from dairy/meat |
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Term
Leprosy
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Caused by acid fast bacterium that are slow growing in the peripheral nervous system
treated with rigampin, clozafamine
hardly contagious
requires 6-12 months of drug therapy to cure |
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Term
Tetanus
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Caused by Gram + anaerobic rod
neurotoxin which blocks the relaxation pathway of muscles
commonly known as lockjaw
Toxoid vaccine prevents this, booster required every 10 years
Is not caused by rusty nails! |
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Term
Botulism
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Spores germinate food and produce toxin, blocking acetylcholine
affecting nerves
causing general weakness
Infant often contract this from honey |
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Term
Poliomyelitis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Sabin vaccine
Salk vaccine
Causes irreversible paralysis in a matter of hours
Symptoms - fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck and pain in the limbs
1 in 200 leads to irreversible paralysis
Acute Flaccid Paralysis
Bulbar polio
● Most extensive paralysis involving the trunk and muscles of the thorax and abdomen
● Most serious type
Post Polio Syndrome
● Around 40% of survivors develop
● Progressive muscle weakness
● Severe fatigue
Spread through person to person contact, food, and water
Enters through mouth and multiplies in intestines
Poor hygiene and sanitation
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Term
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Definition
Fatal encephalitis
Long incubation period of weeks to months gives time for post exposure immunization
bite, inhalation of saliva from infected vermin
Treat with antibodies of human diploid vaccine
Negri bodies found in vermin brain |
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Term
Arboviral encephalitis
(characteristics) |
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Definition
Spread by mosquitoes that have bitten infected person
Headache, fever, coma.
Abro=arthropod borne
Sentinel animals such as chickens are used to monitor prevallence. |
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