Term
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Definition
| Gram negative diplococci, often seen inside PMNs, selective culture on Thayer-Martin agar; oxidase-positive |
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Term
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Definition
cause: Neisseria gonorrhea
transmission: STD
body system: infects the urinary tract
symptoms: painful urination, pus-filled discharge (penis or vagina)
key points: 2nd most common bacterial STD, exclusively human reservoir, lipooligosaccharide endotoxin and IgA protease, survives inside M cells. |
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Term
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Definition
cause: Neisseria meningitidis
Gram stain: Gram negative diplococci
Tranmission: Airborne
Body system: Central nervous system
Symptoms: High fever, severe headache, stiff neck, confusion.
Key points: 100% mortality if untreated; capsule allows it to survive inside phagocyte, lipooligosaccharide causes inflammation and vascular damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram negative diplococci; oxidase-positive; opportunistic pathogen; causes bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, otitis, sinusitis. |
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Term
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Definition
cause: Helicobacter pylori
Gram stain: gram negative curved/spirals
Transmission: fecal-oral route, human reservoir
Body system: stomach
Symptoms: stomach ulcers
Key points: urease-positive, secretes urease to neutralize stomach acid; thickened flagella penetrates mucus; mucinase, phospholipase, and cytotoxin damage stomach epithelium and cause inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
cause: Vibrio cholerae
Gram stain: gram negative curved rods |
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