Details Title: Dino Vertebrates Description: Geology Lab Test Total Flash Cards: 55 Created: 02/17/2009 17:12:24		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Geology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Level of Classification Definition Kingdom Phylum Subphylum Class Order Family Genus Species Term Why emphasize the study of one subphylum? (Vertebrata) Definition Seperates into study of bones verses study of shells. Allows for easier description of fossils for fossil record. Humans invent the system, and are vertebrates. Term Feature= 1 You give Advantage, Example, and time of 1st appearance.   Feature=Dorsal Hollow Nerve Chord Definition Advantage-Nervous Efficiency Example-Lancolet Time of 1st Appearance-Early Cambrian Term Feature-Encephalization Definition Advantage-Focused Sense Example-Chinese fish Time of 1st appearance-Early Cambrian Term Feature-First Bone Definition Advantage-Protection, Support Example-Ostracoderm Fish Time of 1st Appearance-Late Cambrian Term Feature-First Jaw Definition Advantage-Bite and Chew Feeding Efficiency Example-Placoderm Fish Time of 1st Appearance-Late Ordovician Term Feature-First Lung Definition Advantage-Respiration Example-Lobe-finned lung fish Time of 1st appearance-late devonian   Term Feature-First Arm Definition Advantage-Support on land example-Lobe-finned lung fish Time of 1st appearance-late devonian Term Out of the Water Definition Food, protection labyrinthodont amphibians l. devonian Term The hard-shelled egg Definition Divorce from water reptiles mississippian Term warm-blooded metabolism Definition divorce fomr climate mammals, birds triassic Term I give Event, you give date, importance, and interpretation Event-Conn.Valley Tracks Definition Date-1680s Importance-First Recorded Discovery Interpretation-Giant Birds Term New Jersey Giant Bone Definition 1760s Maybe First Dinosaur Bone Lost in Fire Term Monster of Maastrict Definition 1790s First giant mesozoic bone, accurately identified giant reptile Term Mary Anning's Icthyosaurs and Pleisiosaurs Definition 1814  First complete skeletons sea monsters defined Term Buckland's Megalosaur   Definition 1823 First Dinosaur Bones to be recognized giant lizard Term Gideon Mantell's Iguanodon Definition 1824 First dinosaur known from multiple bones iguana-toothed reptile Term Richard Owens names the dinosaurs Definition 1840s "Terrible Lizards" Lizards grown large Term Waterhouse Hawkins and the crystal palace Definition 1854 statues of mesozoic monsters lizards grown large Term Joseph Leidy's NJ 2-Legged Hadrosaur   Definition 1857 First Two-legged upright-stance dinosaur controversy Term Belgium Iguanodons Definition 1877 First Complete Dino Skeletons, First Herd 2-Legged Accepted Term Ewin Drinker Cope & Othanial Charles Marsh Definition Late 1860s to 1890s First riches from american west first dino cultural boom "dino-war" Term Andrew Carnegie Definition 1900-1920 complete diplodocus dinosaur energetics   Carnegie's crew discovered what became dinosaur national momument, and the first compelte diplodocus.  Eutopean looked askance because four-footed dinosaurs still had to be "lizards grown large" and carnegie's crew put the critters togehter like a giant elephant.  where did the cold blooded dinosaurs get such energy to hold up their bodies ?  The answers put them in the water... Term Roland Bird Definition 1930s Texas brontosaur trackways elephant-style walking   Bird's discovery of brontosaur trackways showed the "elephant" walk to be correct. Term John Ostrom's Deinonychus   Definition 1969 Power-packed velociraptor dinosaur energetics   Deinonychus, a small velociraptor, was designed for high strength and agility predation, to a degree ostrom thought impossible on a cold-blooded metabolism. Term Warm blooded or cold blooded? How to take the temperature of a dinosaur...?   six ways... Definition active lifestyle insulation 4-chambered heart prey-predator ratios paleolatitude continual vs. seasonal growth surface/volume ratios Term Active Lifestyle Definition ostrom's deinonychus was compared with a leopard Term Haversian Canals Definition Blood cells formed in the marrow, canals move them into blood stream.  cows have many haversian canals, alligators few. Term Insulation Definition Endothermy has a high cost in food consumption.  most warm-blooded creatures use insulatino to help hold in heat. Term 4-chambered heart Definition Thecodnot reptiles including alligators have a 4-chambered heart.  this does not guarantee warm-bloodedness, but all warm blooded animals must have a four-chambered heart. Term Prey-predator ratios Definition cold blooded predators eat less, so their population ca be a higher percentage of the total animal assemblage Term Paleolatitude Definition  large terrestrial cold blooded animals are restricted to subtropical and tropical habitats Term continual vs seasonal growth Definition cold-bloded animals grow when it is warm, shut down when it is cold, and generate bone and tooth patterns like tree rings. Term surface/volume ratios Definition this is a variation on the insulation argument.  as an animal grows larger, colume increases as the cube, surface in creases as teh square of linear increase.  in other words, the bigger you grow, the more volume, and the better you hold heat. Term pelecysaurs Definition cold blooded, with low haversian counts and tropical distribution, but they have differentiated teeth Term mammals first appearance Definition triassic, all warm blooded Term thecodonts diverge into: Definition pterosaurs early forms small, complete specimens form solnhofen, germany.  later forms larger, pteranodon fond by marsh, had 24 feet wingspread, weighed 30 lbs, quetzlecotylus found in 1971, 38-43 feet windspread, 70lbs Term Ornithischian Dinosaurs Definition Orinthopods stegosaurs ceatopsians ankylosaurs pachycephalosaurs Term Saurischian Dinosaurs   Definition Sauropods Brontosaurus-apatosaurus, brachiosaurs, diplodochus, titanosaurs Theropods coleurosaurs carnosaurs allosaurus-t rex, albertosaurus, deinonychus, velociraptors Term Chordata Definition Vertebrata Cephalochordata Hemichordata urochordata Term Vertebrates Definition Placoderms Agnathans Sharks and Rays True Bony Fish Term True bony fish Definition holosteian fish teleostian fish sturgeons lobefinned fish Term lobe finned fish Definition coelacanth, lung fish, devonian-recent Term labyrinthodont amphibians Definition frogs toads salamanders seymouria permian Term True Reptiles Definition pelecyosaurs lizards, snakes, turtles, spilinodon archosaurs icthyosaurs pleisosaurs Term Pelecyosaurs Definition sail back dinosaurs, middle permian therapsids (led to mammals) Term archosaurs Definition led to theocodonts, phytosaurs, crocodiles Term Mammals Definition marsupials monotremes-platypus placentals Term archosaurs Definition thecodonts phytosaurs crocodyles Term Definition Term thecodonts Definition saurischian ornithischian Term Saurischian Definition sauropods theropods Term ornithischian Definition orinthopods ceratopsians pachycephala ankylosaurs stegosaurs Term theropods Definition carnosaurs coelurasaurs Term Definition