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digi aud final
final EXAM!!
69
Music
Undergraduate 2
05/02/2010

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Term
the process of removing imperfections from sound recordings is...
Definition
audio restoration
Term
a dynamics processor that is a compressor with a high ratio and generally fast attack time is a or an...
Definition
limiter
Term
the dynamics process that expands the dynamics range is called a or an
Definition
expander
Term
to reduce imperfections in sound recording know as noise you should use
Definition
eq and or dynamics
Term
a dynamics processor that makes the loud parts of a sound recording sound softer and the quiet parts sound louder or squashes the dynamic range is call a or an...
Definition
compressor
Term
a negative side of compression is that it... because the signal-to-noise or signal-to-quantization error ratio is lower at smaller amplitudes and the compressor raises those levels of ampltude
Definition
raises the noise floor
Term
the four usual controls of a compressor are...
Definition
gain, threshold, ratio, and attack/release
Term
this control of a dynamics compressor amplifies a signal before the compander kicks in is...
Definition
gain
Term
this control of a compressor defines the extent to which the compander compresses or expands the signal after the input signal has exceeded the specified amplitude threshold is...
Definition
ratio
Term
the point at which the compression kicks in according to the ratio is called the...
Definition
knee
Term
this control of a dynamics compressor determines how quickly the companding ratio is applied or released once the input signal passes the threshold
Definition
attack/release (setting these numbers too low can make a compander sound artificial)
Term
a compressor set with a ratio of 10:1 or more is called a... because it severely limits the maximum possible output amplitude
Definition
limiter
Term
once a compressor is left to a ratio of 1:10 or less it is called a... because it gates out low-amplitude signals
Definition
gate
Term
two reasons tonal balance by subtracting frequencies rather than boosting them is good are...
Definition
1. Keeps the noise floor lower
2. More likely to correct destructive interference between frequencies.
Term
frequency selective amplifiers are...
Definition
equalizers
Term
the four types of EQs are...
Definition
1. Low-pass (High-cut)
2. Band-pass
3. Band-reject (notch)
4. High-pass(Low-cut)
Term
this type of EQ filter attempts to let low frequencies through while attenuating high frequencies.
Definition
low-pass filter/high-cut
Term
these types of EQ filters selectively cut or pass only a specified frequency band
Definition
band-reject (notch) and band-pass
Term
this type of EQ filter allows high frequencies to pass while attenuating low frequencies
Definition
high-pass
Term
what are the type types of EQ configurations?
Definition
Parametric and Graphical
Term
this type of EQ configuration allows control over the precise frequency you wish to change (the center frequency) and the selectivity of the filter to the surrounding frequencies on either side of the center
Definition
Parametric Equalizer
Term
the frequency range where the response is of the filter within 3dB or 50 percent of the peak level, this also determines how broad or wide a parametric filter shape will be
Definition
bandwidth
Term
the amount of frequency selectivity or resonance is also called...
Definition
q
Term
larger values of Q indicates a ________ filter shape while a smaller value of Q indicates a _____________ filter shape
Definition
broader, narrower
Term
this type of EQ configuration provides a single attenuation or gain slider or know for a fixed set of frequencies
Definition
Graphic Equalization
Term
this parameter of EQ is the amount of boost or cut in amplitude applied to the original sound expressed in dBs
Definition
gain (EQ)
Term
for a parametric EQ frequency is...
Definition
the point of maximum amplitude change
Term
the range of frequencies effected by the EQ are
Definition
bandwidth and Q
Term
these EQ parameters are the inverse of one another
Ex. is one is 2 the other is 1/2 and is expressed in octaves
Definition
bandwidth and Q
Term
the EQ parameter that determines the rate that the sound goes from the effected portion to the non-effected portion and is expressed in dB/octave
Definition
slope
Term
this type of EQ control effects a broad range of frequencies evenly and the only controls are gain and frequency
Definition
shelving
Term
the process of restoring magnetic tape recordings
Definition
take baking
Term
the process of re-recording the original dialogue after filming for the purpose of obtaining a cleaner, more intelligible track
Definition
ADR - Audio Dialogue Replacement
Term
describes the process of live recording of sound effects that are created an artist added in post production to enhance the quality of audio for films
Definition
foley
Term
when you pay attention to the loud parts of a pictures audio and edit according to those portions of the picture
Definition
spotting/nudging
Term
functions by taking stereo sound and changing the left and right channels into a sum and difference signal
Definition
MTS
Term
this reproduction requires two or more channels of recorded material
Definition
stereo
Term
the first home listener music system that allowed surround sound at home
Definition
quadrophonic
Term
this uses 4 speakers each 90 degrees apart from one another
Definition
quadrophonic
Term
this is a medium that allowed tv and gaming mediums to accommodate 4 channels of audio by panning two
Definition
ProLogic
Term
the four channels of ProLogic are...
Definition
left center right and one behind the speaker
Term
this method of recording has 6 channels of audio with one that only carries the low frequencies
Definition
5.1 Surround
Term
the 6 channels of 5.1 Surround sound are...
Definition
left
right
center
left surround
right surround
low frequency extension
Term
this mixing technique school believes this mixing technique is merely stereo with extra speakers that can be used in any manner desired without rules
Definition
surround mixing
Term
this mixing technique school believer the reproduction should sound as if the listener were present during the time of recording
Definition
surround mixing
Term
the file formats os surround sound are...
Definition
quicktime and windows media
Term
surround sound is delivered in music through two types of speaker set-ups which are...
Definition
DTS and Dolby Digital
Term
surround sound delivered in movies through DTS speaker setup have...
Definition
5 speakers with the LFE speaker set to 80Hz and below
Term
music delivered through DOlby Digital speakers for surround sound in movies has...
Definition
5 speakers with the LFE set to 120Hz and below
Term
these file container are exclusive to audio
Definition
aiff
wav
xmf
Term
an audio file container widely used on Mac OS platform
Definition
AIFF
Term
an audio file container widely used on Windows platform
Definition
WAV
Term
an audio file container that is an extensible music format
Definition
XMF
Term
name the two file containers that are exclusive to still images
Definition
FITS
TIFF
Term
this still image file container is a wrapper file format for still images, raw data, and associated metadata
Definition
FITS (FLEXIBLE IMAGE TRANSPORT SYSTEM)
Term
this still image file container is a wrapper file format for still images and associated metadata
Definition
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
Term
the process of approximating a continuous range of values by a relatively-small set of discrete symbols or integer values
Definition
quantization
Term
the use of computer hard or software to detect the beat of a musical storage
Definition
beat detection
Term
the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch
Definition
time stretching
Term
the process of changing the pitch of an audio signal without affecting the speed
Definition
pitch scaling or pitch shifting
Term
the amount by which the signal-handling capabilities of an audio system exceed a designated level known as (PML) - permitted maximum level
Definition
headroom
Term
describes the number of bits recorded for each sample
Definition
bit depth
Term
the bit depth for CD audio is...
Definition
16-bit
Term
the bit depth for DVD audio is
Definition
24-bit
Term
when mixing engineers use personal computers to mix music
Definition
mixing-in-the-box
Term
the manipulation of sequences of numbers that represent meaningful, information-bearing data.
Definition
Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
Term
digital signal processing is used for
Definition
reverb in the studio
Term
the representation of signals by a sequence or numbers or symbols and the processing of these signals
Definition
DSP
Term
measures, filters, and or compresses real-world analog signals
Definition
DSP
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