• TRANSPORT 3 Na out of the cell & 2 K into the cell
• ATP supplies energy
• [image]

MACROMOLECULES ENTER THE CELL

[image][image]

• CELL DRINKING
• ENGULFS EXTRACELLULAR FLUID, SUGARS & PROTEINS

• CELL EATING
• ENGULFS DEBRIS, BACTERIA, SIZABLE OBJECTS

• REQUIRES ENERGY - ATP
• MOVES AGAINST THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
• LOW TO HIGH CONCENTRATION

RELEASE MOLECULES TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE CELL

[image]

• CELL SHRINKS
• SOLUTION THAT CAUSES A CELL TO SHRINK B/C OF OSMOSIS
• [image]

• FAT LIKE A HIPPO
• CELL SWELLS
• SOLUTION THAT CAUSES CELL TO SWELL B/C OF OSMOSIS
• [image]

• CHILLIN', STAYS THE SAME
• CELL STAYS THE SAME SIZE
• SOLUTION THAT PRODUCES NO CHANGE IN CELL VOLUME B/C OF OSMOSIS
• [image]

• REQUIRES NO ENERGY
• MOVES WITH THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
• HIGH TO LOW CONCENTRATION

• MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES FROM HIGH TO LOW CONCENTRATION
• MUST HAVE A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
• [image]

• MOVEMENT OF WATER FROM HIGH TO LOW CONCENTRATION
• [image]

• MOLECULES DON'T DIFFUSE FAST ENOUGH DESPITE THE GRADIENT
• CARRIER PROTEINS ARE NEEDED TO MOVE MOSECULES ACROSS PLASMA MEMBRANE
• [image]

• INVOLVES MEMBRANE PROTEINS CALLED ION CHANNELS ACROSS THE MEMBRANE B/C MOLECULES ARE INSOLUBLE IN LIPIDS
• [image]

• LIQUID PORTION OF MIXTURE THAT DISSOLVES SOLUTE
• WATER IS THE UNIVERSAL SOLVENT