Term
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Definition
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Term
| Biological development of infant |
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Definition
- By year end grow ~1 foot and triple weight
- Develop 6-8 teeth
- Increased control over body
- Can discriminate sounds, images, and tastes |
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Term
| Motor development of infant |
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Definition
- Fine motor: develops pincer grasp
- Gross motor: can stand and walk |
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Term
| Psychosocial development of infant |
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Definition
- Trust vs. mistrust
- Primary narcissism |
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Term
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Definition
- Faith in the environment vs. suspicion
- Goal: faith and optimism |
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Term
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Definition
| Child has not differentiated himself from outside world. Don't recognize their surroundings besides how it affects them |
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Term
| Cognitive development of infant |
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Definition
- Sensorimotor stage
- Lacks object permanence
- Stranger anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
Experiences world through senses and interaction
- Occurs from birth to 24 months |
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Term
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Definition
Objects that leave the visual still exist
- Develops around 9-10 months |
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Term
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Definition
- Develops between 6-8 months
- Related to infants ability to distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people |
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Term
| Infant psychosexual development |
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Definition
| Oral: sucking, biting, chewing, vocalizing |
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Term
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Definition
| 12 months to 36 months (1-3 years) |
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Term
| Biological development of toddler |
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Definition
- Proportional changes: chest circumference exceeds head circ
- Integrated function of senses: taste preferences
- Ability to control elimination patterns |
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Term
| Motor development of the toddler |
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Definition
- Major motor skill acquired: locomotion
- Increased manual dexterity: can draw circles by age 3
- General mastery of skills: dressing, playing, eating |
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Term
| Psychosocial development of the toddler |
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Definition
- Autonomy vs. shame and guilt
- Ritualism provides sense of comfort
- More comfortable in asserting autonomy |
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Term
| Autonomy vs. shame and guilt |
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Definition
- Independence driven
- Realize they can control environment, body
- Encouragement of decision making whether good or bad
- Shame and doubt: made to feel inadequate or self-conscious
- Goal: self control and will power |
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Term
| Cognitive development of the toddler |
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Definition
- 2-24 months: sensorimotor
- 2-7 years: preoperational |
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Term
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Definition
- First use of representational thoughts and symbols
- Ability to pretend
- Lacks logical reasoning
- Egocentrism: inability to put oneself in the place of others
- Transductive: "all women with big bellies have babies" |
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Term
| Social development of toddler |
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Definition
Play
- Gross and fine motor development through play
- Parallel play
- "No!" |
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Term
| Moral development of toddler |
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Definition
| Preconventional: bad behavior determined by the consequence of the action |
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Term
| Psychosexual development of toddler |
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Definition
| Anal: sphincter control-toilet training |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Motor development of preschool |
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Definition
- Strength and refinement of previously learned skills
- Locomotion further develops: running, jumping
- Increased manual dexterity: dressing, drawing |
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Term
| Psychosocial development of preschool |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Strong imagination, exploration, encourage self-established activities while teaching limitations
- Goal: direction and purpose |
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Term
| Cognitive development of preschool |
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Definition
- Preoperational
- Symbols or words used to represent objects or people
- Magical thinking: believe their thoughts are all powerful
- Don't have much understanding of causality |
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Term
| Social development of preschool |
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Definition
- Play: associative play, imitative, dramatic, imaginative play most common
- Vocab increases dramatically |
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Term
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Definition
| Group play in similar or identical activities but without rigid organization or rules |
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Term
| Moral development of the preschooler |
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Definition
Preconventional: know an action is wrong because its consequences are bad, don't understand why logically
- Internalize parents morals |
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Term
| Psychosexual development of preschooler |
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Definition
| Phallic: exploration, curious of dissimilarities of opposite sex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Biological development of school age |
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Definition
- Slow and steady pace of physical growth
- Respiratory and heart rate steadily decrease |
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Term
| Motor development of school age |
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Definition
- Strength and refinement of previously learned skills
- Locomotion continues to develop: riding a bike
- Prepubescense |
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Term
| Psychosocial development of school age |
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Definition
- Industry vs. inferiority
- Growing sense of independence
- Sense of accomplishment involves ability to cooperate, compete with others, and cope effectively with people |
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Term
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Definition
- Achieve a sense of interpersonal competence
- Intrinsic motivation
- Acquisition of skill a means for achieving personal success
- Goal: compentence |
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Term
| Cognitive development of school age |
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Definition
Age 6-10: concrete operational
Age 11-adolescent: formal operations |
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Term
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Definition
- Increased logic
- Thinking becomes socialized, can see other people's view points
- Reasoning is inductive, can solve concrete problems in a systematic fashion based on what they perceive |
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Term
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Definition
- Thinking is adaptable and flexible
- Can think in abstract terms and use abstract symbols
- Draw logical conclusions
- Can make hypotheses and test them |
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Term
| Social development of school age |
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Definition
- Cooperative play
- Peer group is very important, important in gaining independence from parent |
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Term
| Moral development of school age |
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Definition
6-10: conventional
11-12: Post conventional |
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Term
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Definition
Morals come from knowing what is expected of them, don't understand the concepts behind them
Obey authority figures |
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Term
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Definition
- Judge an act by its intentions, not just consequences
- Individual judges own moral standards
- Correct behavior defined by standards agreed on by society |
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Term
| Psychosexual development of school age |
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Definition
Latency
- More interest in same sex parents
- Same gender play "boys have cooties" |
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Term
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Definition
| Transition between childhood and adulthood |
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Term
| Biological development of adolescent |
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Definition
- Puberty
- All body organs now mature |
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Term
| Psychosocial development of adolescent |
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Definition
- Role identity vs. role confusion
- Group identity |
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Term
| Role identity vs. role confusion |
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Definition
- Develop a stable, coherent picture of oneself
- Establish a meaningful identity
- Take responsibility for ones actions
- Resolve questions of peer group first then individual identity
- Goal: devotion to values and fidelity to others |
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Term
| Cognitive development of adolescent |
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Definition
Formal operations
Ability to reason abstractly
Ability to think independently can lead to rebellion |
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Term
| Social development of adolescent |
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Definition
Less time with parents, more time with peers
Peer group very important
- From group they gain support in learning about themselves, consideration for the feeling of others, and increased ego development and self reliance |
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Term
| Psychosexual development of adolescents |
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Definition
- Sexual interest
- Genitals are major source of sexual tensions and pleasures
- Energy towards friendships and preparing for marriage |
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Term
| Moral development of adolscents |
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Definition
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