Term
When compared to females of the 1960's, girls today are
Thinner
More muscular
Shorter
Heavier |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Junior high schools hould not use senior high schools as their model for curriculum and schedules because
Junior high students can develop unrealistic expectations about high school
It places too much stresss on junior high students to live up to the expectations of adults and others
Junior high students show more individual differences in level of maturity than do high school students
Junior high students do not have the perspective talking ability necessary to thrive in a high school environment |
|
Definition
| Junior high students show more individual differences in level of maturity than do high school students |
|
|
Term
Onset of puberty is negatively correlated with
Weight
Age
Drug Use
genetics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The average age of menarche has decreased
To about 12 1/2 years in Europe
To abour 10 years in the United states
by 4 months per decade in the past century int he United STates
From 17 to 15years in Norway |
|
Definition
| by 4 months per decade in the past centruy in the United States |
|
|
Term
Which of the following best describes a difference in male and female sexual behavior
Boys engage in sexual behavior about one year earlier than girls
Boys engage in more sexual activities per year than girls do
Girls lose their virginity earlier than boys do
Girls engage in sexual acticity with much older boys, wheras boys choose partners right around their same age |
|
Definition
| Boys engage in sexual behavior about one year earlier than girls |
|
|
Term
The hormone associated with brease, uterine, and skeletal development is
Progesterone
Estradiol
Lutenizing hormone
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Olivia has a good, positive relationship with her parents and is close to her older sisters and brother, She is quiet, but he has two close friends form school. Olivia is probably
At high risk for drug abuse
At lose risk for drug abuse
LIkeley to abuse alcohol but not other drugs
Likely to have sloe friendships with drug-using peers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Trish engaged in sexual interocurse at the age of 13. Research indicates Trisha is likely to
Develop a positve sexual identity
Engage in drinking, drug use, and delinquency
Marry early
Abstain from sex during adolenscence |
|
Definition
| engage in drinking, drug use, and delinquency |
|
|
Term
____________ is the dominate hormone in males, wheras __________ is the dominate hormone in females
Testosterone/estradiol
Estrogen/androgen
Estradiol?estrogen
Androgen/estradiol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The Berkeley Longtudinal Study showed that, compared with Late maturing boys, early maturing boys saw themselves
Less positively
More positively
Bigger and stronger
Bigger but more awkward |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Recent research abour hormones and behavior have found the relationship to be
Unidirectional
Bidirectional
Correlative
Not statistically significant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What percentage of adolenscents who have unprotected sexual activity will acquire a sexually trasmitted disease
10
15
20
25 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Ramone's parents have decided that he will enroll in the state college near their hometown. Ramone has not really thougth about the issue much himself, and he will probalby do what they advise. According to psychologist James Marica, accepting his parents advice will put Ramon into identity?
Diffusion
Forclosure
Moratorium
Achievement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following distinguishes high schools in teh United states from secondary schools int he rest of the world?
Sports programs
language training
tracking
Vocational training |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!For teens to develop critical thinking skills, they must first develop
Morality
problem-solving skills
concrete operations
fundamental skills |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The period of biological change that takes place during early adolenscence is called?
menarche
puberty
maturation
grow spurting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Devlopment in adolenscence is continuour with earlier development in that, like younger children, adolenscents
Think abstractley
Face new deveopmental tasks
Interact in many different social contexts
Are influenced by their inherited characteristics |
|
Definition
| are influenced by their inherited characteristics |
|
|
Term
Thirteen-year-old Grace's blood test indicate that her levels of testosterone are about twice as high as they were a year ago, and that her estradiol levels are about eight times high than last years. Grace is most likely experiencing
Normal changes as a result of having entered puberty
Difficulties due to significant imbalances in hormonal levels
Abnormal levels of development of male physical characteristics
Abnormal levels of development of femal physical characteristics |
|
Definition
| normal changes as a result of having entered puberty |
|
|
Term
Which group has the HIGHEST dropout rate in high school?
Latinos
Rural Whites
Inner-city African Americans
Native Americans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!HOw much weight must an average person lose before he/she is considered anorexic?
10 percent
15 percent
20 percent
There is no set weight, as it varies from individual to individual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Self assertion and separateness are two dimensions of
Foreclosure
Achievement
Individuality
Connectedness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!A teenage in the identity versus identity confusion stage is in Piaget's __________ cognitive stage of development.
Preconventional
Postconventional
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mollie is currently 15 and pregnant. Which of the following is MOST likely to be true about MOllie?
She is probably poor and a minority
She is likely to have the baby and put it up for adoption.
She is unlikely to finish high school if she has a baby
She is twice as likely to have an abortion as to give birth |
|
Definition
| She is unlikely to finish high school if she has the baby |
|
|
Term
The instructor's last name is
Hammond
Oakley
Hamilton
Boudreaux |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Junior high schools emerged at about the same time that senior high schools were
Becoming obsolete
Beginning to go "back to the basic"
Becoming overrowded
Increasing their focus on the classics like literature, history, latin and the arts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following programs uses the community as a learning tool?
Community-based education
Service learning
Systematic communcal education
Youth and teen cooperative learning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!You are conducting a survey to find out which age group is most likely to be heavy drinkers. What are you likely to find?
Children in Junior high school
teens in high school
college-age adults
post college-age adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sexual orientation refers to
The object of one's desire
One's feelings about one's own sexuality
The societal implications of being male or female
The moral code that determines one's sexual behavior |
|
Definition
| the object of one's desire |
|
|
Term
During health class Mr. Peterson is trying to prepare his students for th eonset of puberty. What should he tell the boys is likely to occur FIRST?
The first ejaculation
Voice changes
Increased penis size
GRowth of facial hair |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which statement best describes adolenscent pregnanacy rates int eh year 2000
They have steadily risen since 1950
They have risen, but only among ethnic minorities
They are unchanged fromt he rates of 20 years ago
They are the lowest in six decades |
|
Definition
| They are the lowest in sex decades |
|
|
Term
!Approximately what percentage of adolenscents around the world has a postive self-image
22
46
65
73 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Testosterone is associated with
Height increase
Chest development
Changes in vision
Muscle growth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Stanley, the manager of a large corporation, is reluctant to hire recent high schol graduates because they
Lack emotional maturity
Lack technical skills
Are poorly prepared for th edemands of the workplace
refuse to work for minimum wage |
|
Definition
| are poorly prepared for the demands of th workplace |
|
|
Term
Anorexics use food as a means of
control
reward
punishment
gaining popularity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Junior high schools emerged during the
1890s
1920s
1940s
1960s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Researchers believe that the most important changes in identity happen during youth rather than during adolescence because
Adolescents have not achieved the menetal development rquired to achieve an identity
College Juniors and seniors are more likely to be identity schieved than younger people
Sexual orientations is not fully established until late adolenscent or early adult years
Iddentit development appears to follow the MAMA cycle |
|
Definition
| college juniors and seniors are more likely to be identity achieved than younger people |
|
|
Term
At age 16, Maria's feelings get mixed up. Sometimes she gets angry with her parents because they will not let her stay out late and date whom she pleases, but at other times she is angry because thy do not seem to nurture her like they do her younger brother and sisters. Mari's mixed feeling show that she is experiencing what Erick Erikson called
Identity withdrawal
recognition confusion
psychological diffusion
psychological moratorium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
You are trying to make competent decision makers of your adolenscent kids. What technique should you use to achieve this?
Allow them to participate in practical decisions they have control over
ASk them to develop both positive and negative outsomces for decisions they make
Give them a series of abstract problems to solve
Allow them to show poor judgement and then talk with them about why their decisions were wrong |
|
Definition
| Allow them to participate in practical decisions they have control over |
|
|
Term
All of the following help to determine puberty's timing EXCEPT
Nutrition
genetics
health
reduced exposure to toxins |
|
Definition
| reduce exposure to toxins |
|
|
Term
!According to recent research, about what percentage of 18yearold are predominately homosexual
2
4
6
9 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
All but one of following is a "core element" of identity. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
ideological stance
sexual orientation
lifestyle preference
vocational direction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Luis is a smoker and often worries he will develop lung cancer. He is most likely to be a victim of this disease if
He smokes more than two packs of cigarettes a day
He was prenatally exposed to cigarette smoke
He started smoking at an early age
either of his parents dies of lung cancer |
|
Definition
| he started smoking at an early age |
|
|
Term
Patsy and Disk want to make sure their high schooler is prepared, upon graduation, for the workforce. One way they can do this is to
Send their chaild to a private school
considerably limit the number of parttime hours their high schooler workds
encourage their adolenscent to enroll in service learning classes
limit their teens amount of participation in sports activities |
|
Definition
| considerably limit the number of part-time hours their high schooler works |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nicolas is aboutto enter puberty. All of the following will place a role in creating biological changes EXCEPT the
pituitary gland
hypothalamus
testes
pineal gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which theorist believed adolenscence is a time of "stomr and stress"?
Anna Freud
Jean PIaget
G Stanley Hall
Daniel Offer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
WHile overal drug use was on the decline in the 1990s, which drug was used mroe frequently?
crack
ecstasy
nicotine
PCP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Hormonal and boyd changes occur about _____________ years earlier in girls than they do in boys
1
1 1/2
2
2 1/2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In a recent news article you were suprised to find out that __________ percent of teenagers smoke cigarettes by the end of high school
10
18
30
38 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Piaget belives _____governs formal thought during early adolenscence, whereas ________ govers thought during later adolenscence.
inductive reasonoing/deductive reasoning
concrete thinking/idealistic thinking
assimilation/accommodation |
|
Definition
| assimilation/accommodation |
|
|
Term
Unlike with Erick Erikson's traditional view of identity formation, contemporary theorist believe that identity is formed by
a gradula process of discovery and development that continues through adulthood
The time an adolenscent reaches age 18 or gradules from school
the resolution of a series of crises that emerge during adolenscnet development
development that occurs through discontinuour stages througout life |
|
Definition
| a gradula process of discovery and development that continues thorough adulthood |
|
|
Term
it is difficult to know exactly when puberty begins and ends because
it is a process with few distinguising physical events
it is a gradula process involving multiple distinguisihing events
it is completed before the adoleencent is aware of what is happening
adolenscents do not confide about bodily changes to parents or doctors |
|
Definition
| it is a gradula process involing multiple distintuishing events |
|
|
Term
The growth spurt that characterized pubertal change occurs ____ for girls than for boys, and begins at around age ___ for girls
earlier/9
earlier/11
later/12
later/14 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Which of the following is true about most adolenscents today?
They have a positve self-image and outlook
They have a more cynical view of themselves and others.
they are at significant risk for junvenile delinquencey
they experince greater family stability than in past decades |
|
Definition
| They have positive self-image and outlook |
|
|
Term
Steve and jen belive that they should make vertain that thei adolescent knows the right choices to make, and they use harse punishment when their directives are not followed. This patter is likely to propmote identity ______ in their adolescent
diffusion
foreclosure
moratorium
acheivement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
During adolenscence boys have an increase in _______, while girls have an increase in _____________
weight/height
muscle cells/fat cells
hypothalamus/hippocampus
arm length/leg length |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!Bobby in Erickson's identity versus identity confusion stage, it is MOST likely that he is also in Kohlber's ____stage of moral development
preconventional
conventional
postconventional
concrete conventional |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
!According to the contemporary view of identity development, your sense of identity is determined
with attachment during infacncy
by our choice of family lifestyle
by resolving the identity crisis during adolenscence
during infancy, childhood, adolenscnece, adulthood and old age |
|
Definition
| during infancy,childhood.adolenscence, adulthood and old age. |
|
|
Term
Comparing how the high school dropout rates have changed in recent decades for Latino and African Americans youths in teh Unite States, it seems that circumstances are
imporving for both minority gorups
becoming worse fo both groups
improving for latinos thant for african americas
imporving fo rafrican americans but not for latinos |
|
Definition
| improving for African americans, but not for Latinos |
|
|
Term
The period of biological change that takes place during early adolenscence is called
menarche
puberty
matureation
grow spurting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The hormone associated with breast, uterine, and skeletal development is
progeserone
estradiol
lutenizing hormone
gonadotrophin-releasing hormone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cooper and Grotevent (1989) belive that proper identity developmetn occurs when parents encourage _________ in adolenscents
individuality
conectedness
both individuality and connectedness
neither individuality nore connectedness |
|
Definition
| both individulaity and connectedness |
|
|
Term
Smantha is currently living in the United States. She was 14 1/2 years old when he experienced menarche. Samantha is
The slightly younger thatn average for menarche in Europe
The average age for menarche in teh United STates
Older than average for menarche in the United states
YOunger than average for menarche in teh United states |
|
Definition
| older than average for menarche in the United States |
|
|
Term
| !Identity is __________ james marica's term for the status of adolenscents in the midst of a crisis and whose comitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Television watching is positively correlated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For the majority of teens the period of adolenscence is marked by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An adolenscent experimenting with different vocational possibilities is experience what psychologist James marcia calls identity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Japanese secondary schools differ from those in other countries in that they require students to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Erick Erikson, an adolenscents crsis is based on the need to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Im no going to have an accidnet. Im only drinking beer this statemet reflects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| puberty refers to a period of |
|
Definition
| rapid skeletal and sexual maturation during adolenscence |
|
|
Term
| Whis of the following factors is the MOST common negative result of being an unmarried dolenscent mother? |
|
Definition
| the disruption in education and career development |
|
|
Term
| Matuality and permeability are two dimentsion of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is self esteem significantly worse for females than for males during adolenscence |
|
Definition
| because of the high expectations of physical arractiveness in females |
|
|
Term
| !Margaret is 16 and has not yet matured physically. According to recent research, which of the following will be most likely when margaret does complete puberty? |
|
Definition
| She will be more satisfied with her figure than early maturing girls |
|
|
Term
| According to Erick Erikson, adolenscents who become withdrawn and isolated from their peers and family are suffering form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sandra and her class spend a part of their week at the local food bank to participate in feeding the homeless. A part of her education is to learn about this populationa dn resources in the community to help. This academic approach is called __________ learning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !Personal fable and imaginary audience are parts of adolenscent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Samantha is currently living in the United States. She was 14 1/2 years old when she experienced menarche Samantha is? |
|
Definition
| older than average for menarche in the United States |
|
|
Term
| If you traveled to several different countries, where would you see the high rates of illegl drug use in teenagers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Younger children do not engage in teh same type of egocentric thought as adolenscents because younger children |
|
Definition
| cannot think abstractly or form another's point of view |
|
|
Term
| Which counrtry would you live in if you spend the most amount of time during the year in school? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research shows that when it comes to religiousviews, political beliefs, and vocatinal choices, identity achievement tends to occur during the ages of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The use of which drug was on the decline in 2001 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the folling statements is tru |
|
Definition
| Girls are just as tall and weight more than boys before puberty |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following MOST accurately describes the situation for the children of single teenage mothers? |
|
Definition
| They are born and remain at higher physical and educational risk than children born to older mothers |
|
|
Term
| Martha's daughter has come to her for advice about what to do with her future. Her mother explains that any decisions make now are not permante and that her daughter will continue to reevaluate her decisions for the rst of her life. Her daughter is relived to hear that she does not need to decide"everything" now, but she is not comfortable knowng that these decisions will continue to come up in the future. Martha is trying to help her daughter understand the true identity development |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which limitation in preoperational though reemerges during adolenscence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A teenager in the identity versus identity confusion stage is in Freud's ___stage of psycholsexual development |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| James is going though puberty quite early. Research indicated that James is likely to |
|
Definition
| have a positive self-image |
|
|
Term
| !Recent research has found that early-maturing girls are more likely than late-maturing girls to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !The personal fable involves an adolenscent's sense of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !About _______percent of girls and about ____ percent of boys are virgins at age 15 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most widely used drug among adolenscents in teh United States is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the following are factors contributing to adolenscents using drugs EXCEPT |
|
Definition
| Having poor problem solving skills |
|
|
Term
| Most criticisms of middle schools and junior high schools focus on teh fact that these schools tend to |
|
Definition
| not take into account the individual differences among children in their rate of biological and psychological maturity |
|
|
Term
| Candace is having unprotected sex with several male partners. She is putting herself at MOST risk for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who among the following will be most dissatisfied with their body image? |
|
Definition
| a female in early adolenscence |
|
|
Term
| Puberty refers to a period of |
|
Definition
| rapid skeletal and sexual maturation during adolenscence |
|
|
Term
| !For the majority of teens, the period of adolenscence is marked by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !The imaginary audience involves_,whereas the personal fable involves |
|
Definition
| preoccupational with self/uniqueness of self |
|
|
Term
| John and Ellen believe that to help reudce conflict at home they should not interfere with their adolenscent's choices. This pattern is likely to provide identity____ in their adolenscnet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !Which of the following is the MOST significant reason that increased drug and alcohol during early adolenscence is more worrisome than increased drug and alcohol use in late adolensence |
|
Definition
| Drug use by younger adolencents may interfere with the development of good coping skills |
|
|
Term
| Jason was confused about whether to propose marriage to his girlfriend. Aftr considerble internal debate, he decided to propose. After he proposed, and she accepted, he flet great and knew he had done the right thing. As the wedding date approached, however, he was overcome with doubt. He considered calling off the weddintg but did not. Today he is very happily married and glad he stayed with his decision. Jason' experice is an example of |
|
Definition
| The MAMMA cycle of identity development |
|
|
Term
| !Ramon has thought for along time about his future plans and he finally decided to attend the technical college. He still wonderding if his choice was the correct one. According to James Maric Ramon is now in the state of idenity____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Over the past 60 years, the percentage of students who drop out or do not finish high school has |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !Brook-Gunn and Paikoff showed that, compared to late maturing girls, early maturing girls were more likely to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to James Marcia, the term ____ refers to the part of identity development in which adolenscent show a personal investment in what they are going to do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| !Joap lipsitz (1984) observed the nation's best middle schools. These school seemed to be successful because they emphasized |
|
Definition
| the importance of social development and contact wit adults |
|
|
Term
| it is difficult to know exactly when puberty begins and ends because |
|
Definition
| it is a gradula process involving mutiple distinguishing events |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is true abou most adolenscents today? |
|
Definition
| They have a positive self image and outlook |
|
|
Term
| !The Carneigie Corporation issed a report entitiled"Turning Points: Preparing American Youth for the 21st Centry" in which they recommended that middle schools |
|
Definition
| become smaller, more personal and involve parents more |
|
|
Term
| !What is most noticeable about increases in height during puberty? |
|
Definition
| For a brief time increases in heigh are very rapid |
|
|
Term
| What do people in preoperational thought and formal operatinal thought share |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the following help to determine puberty's timing EXCEPT |
|
Definition
| reduced exposure to toxins |
|
|
Term
| !We see the "top-dog phenomenon" when students move from the |
|
Definition
| top grade in elementary school to the bottom grade in middle school |
|
|
Term
| Most persons with anorexia nervosa are from |
|
Definition
| middle-and uoer-income families |
|
|
Term
| Julie is in her first year of middle school Research shows that she probably |
|
Definition
| is less satisfied with middle school than elementary school |
|
|
Term
| In additon to his own language, Scott must study Latin, French, English, and Spanish. Scott probalby attends high school in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Self esteem during adolenscence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research belive that adolenscents who develop the most positive sense of identity are ones who |
|
Definition
| follow the "mMMA cycle of identity |
|
|
Term
| Lisa has a close friend who is gay. Lisa understands her firned very well and empathizes with her experience. Lisa is showing a good sense of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What method of birth control do adolenscent girls most frequently use? |
|
Definition
|
|
