Term
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Definition
| persons who are interacting with one another in such a manner that each person influences and is influenced by the others |
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Term
| This type of group is created by a managerial decision to accomplish stated goals |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Information brief
Advocacy/ Decision brief
Staff brief
Mission brief |
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Term
| Preparing for a Formal Brief |
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Definition
Delivery should be concise and factual
Major purpose should be to inform listeners about mission, operation and concept
Present in a logical sequence |
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Term
| Types of Supporting Materials |
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Definition
Read-Aheads
Point papers are memory ticklers or quick-reference outlines used during meetings or to informally pass information quickly to another person or office.
Talking papers are quick-reference outlines on key points, facts, positions, and questions to use during oral presentation
Power Point |
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Term
| Elements of a formal brief |
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Definition
3 part format
Introduction
Body
Conclusion |
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Term
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Definition
| Improve the flow of a sentence within a single idea |
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Term
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Definition
Link separate ideas together within the body
Guide the viewer from one idea to another |
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Term
| Two parts of the conclusion |
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Definition
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Term
| Elements of an informal brief |
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Definition
a. Think carefully before you speak.
b. Outline your main ideas.
c. Say what has to be said.
d. Conclude.
e. Don’t say any more |
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Term
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Definition
Set stage
Purpose statement
Overview |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of individuals meet for a common interest. |
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Term
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Definition
How we picture ourselves
How others see us
How we wish ourselves to be seen |
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Term
| During the development of the self |
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Definition
we interpret situations, events, people, or the environment.
We develop personality, uniqueness, and a sense of respect for self.
We protect and defend our self-esteem.
We start to evaluate, make decisions, and establish goals.
It is human nature to interpret our environment to confirm our values and “make ourselves look good |
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Term
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Definition
| They are acquired at birth and are usually retained throughout life. Membership groups include race, ethnicity, religion, gender, age, and social class |
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Term
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Definition
| Groups that we belong to including, military experience, affiliation with organizations, educational background, geographic location, marital status, and parental status |
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Term
| Definition of Self-Concept |
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Definition
| Self-concept is defined as “The perception that we have of ourselves which allow us to shape and reshape reality from our own point of view |
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Term
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Definition
| It is an all-encompassing educational process from which values, goals, beliefs, attitudes, and gender roles are acquired |
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Term
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Definition
| The most influential agent of socialization |
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Term
| Sources that Influence Socialization |
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Definition
Family
Media
Education
Peers and friends
Community
National |
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Term
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Definition
| Principles or standards derived from our self-concept that guide our actions and behaviors.” |
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Term
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Definition
Personal
social
Political
Economic
Religion |
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Term
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Definition
| Attitudes are the established ways of responding to people and situations based on what we have learned (beliefs, values) and assumptions we hold. They are manifested through an outwardly displayed behavior. One's body language is a result of one’s mental attitude. However, no one can see an attitude (feeling). What is seen is the behavior |
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Term
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Definition
Coping behaviors that allow us to selectively interpret information when we are challenged on a value, attitude, or belief.
Also barriers to change |
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Term
| Common Ego Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
Denial
Rationalization
Projection
Compensation |
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Term
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Definition
| when we refuse to accept new information that might change our perceptions |
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Term
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Definition
| When we rationalize, we take a situation and turn it around to fit our particular need |
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Term
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Definition
| Placing blame for difficulties upon others rather than taking responsibility for our own actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Making up for a feeling of inadequacy by seeking to excel in a different way |
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Term
| significant emotional event (SEE) |
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Definition
Something that causes change
A birth
A death
A divorce
A promotion
A terminal illness
Falling in or out of love
Going to war |
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Term
| When we are exposed to information that challenges our self-concept, we may feel discord. One way to relieve this discomfort is to accept the new information and change a pattern of behavior. This can be an upsetting idea and may require a |
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Definition
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Term
| Significant Emotional Event |
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Definition
| A SEE is a moment when everything falls into place and one is able to understand an entire pattern of behavior. |
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Term
| There are three main strategies for change |
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Definition
Awareness
Increase awareness
Spend time in self reflection |
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Term
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Definition
| Awareness: Being aware of our socialization will help us in deciding whether to accept or deny our values, attitudes, and behaviors |
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Term
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Definition
| Awareness can be increased by spending time in self reflection, accepting new information, and increasing communication skills |
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Term
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Definition
Be realistic
Goals should be realistic. If you see some of your goals accomplished, you will be motivated to accomplish more in terms of change.
b. Become self-motivated (and help others do the same) |
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Term
| 3 principles of Tuckman,'s Group Development Theory |
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Definition
1. Sequential
2. Developmental
3. Thematic |
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Term
| Stages of team development |
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Definition
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjorning |
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Term
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Definition
| the parts of the system do not operate in isolation but continually affect each other and the system as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| the whole system is not the sum of its parts but may be greater or less with either positive or negative synergy operating |
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Term
| Interdependence with its environment |
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Definition
| group members must interact with other individuals within the organizational structure |
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Term
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Definition
| sell your audience on a new idea, new policy, new product, or change in current operations. Requires convincing evidence and support |
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Term
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Definition
| briefer states he/she is looking for a decision and asks for a decision if one is not forthcoming at conclusion |
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Term
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Definition
To secure a coordinated effort and rapidly disseminate information orally, aid group decision making, and secure a united effort.
Most widely used and most flexible type of brief - used at all levels of command |
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Term
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Definition
| To impart information that is used to elaborate on an order, give specific instructions, or instill an appreciation for the mission |
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Term
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Definition
| A set of values adopted by an individual or society that influences the behavior of the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| The perception process is the gathering of information in an effort to make sense of one’s surroundings. It is not always based on a true picture of reality, although we behave as though our perceptions are real. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the active process of assembling sensations and reconstructing events into meaningful patterns in order to form a usable mental representation of the world |
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Term
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Definition
| allow us to justify or rationalize our behavior and deceive ourselves; accept or reject certain groups; and selectively maintain our perception and thinking about a group |
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Term
| Elements of the Perception Process |
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Definition
Raw data – The information we experience.
Mental process – The mental process, which is unseen, is affected by motives and driven by personal bias.
Product – Our perception, sensing, or interpretation of our experience |
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Term
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Definition
| we develop our own perception, or “reality,” which can be either accurate and reliable or inaccurate and unreliable |
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Term
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Definition
| Ineffective management of one’s own perceptual shortcuts can lead to inaccurate expectations and impressions, poor choices in the work environment, unfair treatment, discrimination, etc., which in turn can greatly impact the success of our mission, the ability to be ready at a moment’s notice, and the overall morale of an individual, unit, and organization |
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Term
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Definition
Sight
Touch
Hearing
Taste
Smell |
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Term
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Definition
| Sociological or cultural filters affect the perception process because they are the sum total of the learned behaviors of a group of people. These behaviors are generally considered to be traditions of that group and are transmitted from generation to generation |
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Term
| Strategies to correct inaccurate perceptions |
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Definition
Be aware of stereotyping
Listen actively
Identify the appropriate application of facts, opinions, and assumptions
Interact with groups different from your own or at levels above and below yours
Seek individuating information
Get to know others
Commonalities |
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Term
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Definition
| motivation describes forces acting from within us that cause us to turn ideas into directed action |
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Term
| Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs |
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Definition
Maslow’s Three Assumptions
We all have the same basic needs.
Our needs energize and direct our behavior.
Our needs are organized in a hierarchy—a series of steps |
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Term
| Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs |
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Definition
Level 1: Physiological (survival needs)
Level 2: Safety (security needs)
Level 3: Social (sense of belonging)
Level 4: Esteem (recognition or status)
Level 5: Self-Actualization (self-fulfillment) |
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Term
| Limitations of Maslow’s Hierarchy |
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Definition
Collectivism - The idea that a culture’s beliefs, attitudes, norms, and values are organized around one or more collectives such as the family, the tribe, the religious group, or the country
Individualism - The idea that a culture’s social experiences are structured around autonomous individuals |
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Term
| McClelland’s Needs Theory |
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Definition
McClelland theorized that people are motivated by three basic needs:
Achievement.
Affiliation.
Power |
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