Term
| what kind of stimulants are amphetamines? |
|
Definition
| CNS stimulants that activate the sympathetic autonomic nervous system or (sans) which initiates fight or flight response. |
|
|
Term
| what are some symptoms of amphetamines? |
|
Definition
increased HR
mydriasis (dilated pupil)
decreased digestion
dilation of bronchioles
increased blood flow to brain and skeletal muscles |
|
|
Term
| what are some examples of amphetamine drugs that prevent the reuptake of excitatory neurotransmitters? |
|
Definition
norepinephrine
dopamine
serotonin |
|
|
Term
| what do amphetamines prevent? |
|
Definition
| the reuptake of excitatory neurotransmitters |
|
|
Term
| how would you treat amphetamine toxicity? |
|
Definition
ems
basic life support abc's
vital signs
benzodiazepine (a depressent to reduce agitation)
external cooling of skin
NO EMETIC AGENT: vomiting may induce seizures |
|
|
Term
| what is an amphetamine used for narcolepsy? |
|
Definition
| dexatroamphetamine (dexedrine) |
|
|
Term
| what is an amphetamine used for ADD? |
|
Definition
| methylphenidate (ritalin) |
|
|
Term
| what are some examples of methamphetamines |
|
Definition
meth
uppers
crank
speed
ice
crystal |
|
|
Term
| is cocaine a stimulant or depressent |
|
Definition
| cocaine is a stimulant often used for local anesthesia (rhinoplasty) |
|
|
Term
| what effects does cocaine have on blood vessels |
|
Definition
| cocaine is a vasoconstrictor |
|
|
Term
| what are some common routes of administration of cocaine? |
|
Definition
nasal by snorting (3-5 min)
smoking crack
IV |
|
|
Term
| what are some signs and symptoms of amphetamine toxicity? |
|
Definition
-euphoria
-restlessness
-talkativeness
-anxiety
-agitation
-confusion
-flushing
-diaphoresis
-anorexia
tachycardia-hypertension
-seizures
intracranial hemorrhage
chest pain |
|
|
Term
cerebral hemorrage
anxiety and agitation
chest pain/tachycardia/hypertension
dypsnea
ventricular fibrillation
MI
hyperthermia
these are all signs of what stimulant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a high risk for cocaine toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
nasal septum damage
ischemic heart
increase in class V caries due to increased carbohydrates
bruxism
vigorous toothbrushing
these can all happen to people on what stimulant |
|
Definition
| on cocaine all of these things may happen |
|
|
Term
| are opiates and opiods stimulants or depressents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do opiates do to affect the CNS and spinal cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some uses of opiates? |
|
Definition
sedation
pain reduction (analgesia)
|
|
|
Term
| what areas do opiates depress> |
|
Definition
brain stem
cough suppressant
GI mobility
respiration |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat cocaine toxicity? |
|
Definition
ems
basic life support
calm quiet atmosphere
hyperthermia (external cooling is needed)
diazepam (valium) for hyperactivity |
|
|
Term
| what are some signs and symptoms of opiates? |
|
Definition
lethargy
myosis (small pupils)
shallow respiration
hypotension
hypothermia
bradycardia
flaccid muscles
lack of response to external stimulation |
|
|
Term
| what is derived from juice of a poppy plant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some examples of opiates? |
|
Definition
heroin
oxycodone
hydrocodone
meperidone
propoxyphene fentanyl
buprenorphine
methadone
(morphine and codeine) |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat opiate toxicity? |
|
Definition
ems
life support
oxygen
hospital will administer Narcan |
|
|
Term
| what are sedative-hypnotic agents that may be given for insomnia for short action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs and symtoms of barbituates include? |
|
Definition
lethargy
dose dependence
slurred speech
ataxia (lack of muscle control)
nystagmus (involuntary rapid eye movement)
hypothermia |
|
|
Term
| how to treat barbituate toxicity |
|
Definition
ems
basic life support
vitals
oxygen
external warming
at hospital charcoal drug used to absorb drug. |
|
|
Term
| what have barbituates been replaced with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a barbituates used as a long acting anti seizure drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some signs and symptoms of benzodiazepines? |
|
Definition
lethargy
slurred speech
ataxia
mental confusion
coma/respiratory arrest |
|
|
Term
| how to treat benzodiazepine toxicity>? |
|
Definition
ems
basic life support
supine for hypotension
vitals
external warming
charcoal used at hospital to absorb drug. |
|
|
Term
| what are some uses for benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
anticonvulsant
muscle relax
reduce anxiety |
|
|
Term
| what are some examples of benzodiazepines????? |
|
Definition
diazepam/valium
midazolam/versed
alprozolam/xanax |
|
|
