Term
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Definition
-connective tissue -matrix ridgid but not calcified -avascular therefore areas are limited in size |
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Term
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Definition
-cells in intercellular matrix of: fibers and ground substances -cells are: chondroblasts chondrocytes -matrix fibers: type I and II collagen elastic fibers -ground substances: proteoglycans adhesive glycoproteins (chondronectin)
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Term
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Definition
1. Hyaline Cartilage 2. Elastic Cartilage 3. Fibrocartilage |
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Term
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Definition
-most prevalent -in walls of respitory conducting passageways -composes prenatal long bones -covers epiphyses of adult long bones |
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Term
| Hyaline Cartilage Functions |
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Definition
-maintain patency of respiratory conducting passageways -premit growth of fetal skeleton -provide model for developing long bones -provide smooth surface on articular surfaces |
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Term
| Hyaline Cartilage Formation |
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Definition
-arises from mesenchyme -mesenchymal cells divide and become packed = spherical chondroblasts (sc)
-sc secrete cartilage matrix (ground substance and collagen fibers) -chondroblasts become surrounded by cartilage matrix = chondrocytes (ch) -ch continue to secete matrix -- pulls them apart -ch (cartilage cells trapped in matrix) occupy lacunae
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Term
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Definition
small cavities within the matrix
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Term
| Interstitial (endogenous) Growth |
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Definition
In young cartilage: -chondrocytes retain mitotic potential (still divide) -each dividing cell produces isologous/isogenous groups/nests -mesenchyme surrounding developing cartilage becomes its perichondrium |
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Term
| Isologous/ Isogenous Groups/Nests |
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Definition
-small groups of chondrocytes arising from the proliferation of a single parent cell -close to one another |
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Term
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Definition
Perichondrium: -vascular fiberous connective tissue -surrounds fragments of cartilage -provides cartilage w/nutritional needs via diffusion -inner layer contains flat chondroblasts (chondroprogenitor cells) -divide to become chondrocytes -thus subperichondrial cartilage is deposited on the surface of the cartilage
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Term
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Definition
-young, near surface = relatively flat (elliptical) -older = spherical -occupy lacunae in matrix -living ones completely fill lacunae -shrink during tissue prep = space in slides -active chondrocytes = large, sphercal, vesicular nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
-synthesize hyalin cartilage matrix
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Term
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Definition
-basophillic b/c of:
-type II collagen (more hydroxylysine than type I)
-heavily sulfated ground substance (chondroitin sulfate is acidic = basophilic) - capsule (territorial matrix) bordering lacunae is basophilic b/c: -richer in glycosaminoglycans and
-poorer in collagen than interterritorial matrix |
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Term
| Rigidity of Hyaline Cartilage Matrix |
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Definition
-attributable to proteoglycan aggregates (aggrecans) -hyaluronic acid chains link core proteins of many proteoglycan monomers -chondroitin sulfate side chains of proteoglycan molecules bind to collagen |
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Term
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Definition
-very large -create negative charge = attracts cation, Na+ -thus water is also attracted (80% of wet weight of cartilage is water) Thus, heavily hydrated cartilage matrix able to resist compression. |
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Term
How does cartilage matrx link to collegen and glycosaminoglycans? |
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Definition
Matrix contains: adhesive glycoproteins & chondronectins |
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Term
| Cartilage Matrix Vitality |
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Definition
-avascular -vitality depends on: diffusion of nutrients from capillaries in surrounding tissues -dependecy on diffusion limits size of chondroid structures |
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Term
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Definition
-contains both elastic and collagen fibers -provides support with flexibility and elasticity ex. external ear, auditory tube, epiglottis, some laryngeal cartilages
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Term
Elastic Cartilage (appereance) |
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Definition
-yellow in fresh condition -elastic fibers stain: resorcin fuchsin = purple Verhoeff hematoxylin = black orcein = red-brown
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Term
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Definition
-does NOT exist independetly -lacks a perichondrium -has features of both hyalin cartilage and dense fiberous connective tissue (may blend into those tissues)
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Term
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Definition
-slightly eosinophilis (lots of type I collagen) -contains rows of chondrocytes in lacunae (not nests) -bundles of type I collagen like those in dense fiberous connective tissue -provides strong support + tensile strength
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Term
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Definition
-intervertebral discs -intra-articular discs -attachments od tendons and ligaments to bone -in symphysis pubia |
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Term
| Visualizing Fibrocartilage |
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Definition
-best in intervertebral discs -forms annulus fibrosus which surrounds the gelatinous nucleus pulposus
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Term
| Fibrocartilage of Annulus Fibrosus |
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Definition
-arranged in concentric layers -blends into adjacent hyalin cartilage |
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