Term
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Saliaceae
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Genus
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Leaves
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Buds
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Salix (Willow)
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Populus (poplar)
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Definition
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Saliaceae
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Genus
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Leaves
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Buds
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Salix (Willow)
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Usually several times longer than broad; short-petioled
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covered by a singe cap-like scale
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Populus (poplar)
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Usully about as long as broad; long petioled
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covered by imbricate scales
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Term
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Genus
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Leaves
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Twigs
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Fruit
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Cornus
(dogwood)
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Nyssa
(tupelo)
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Definition
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Genus
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Leaves
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Twigs
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Fruit
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Cornus
(dogwood)
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Usually opposite; veins arcuate
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Pith homogeneous; bud scales 2, valvate
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Blue, white, or red drupe; 1-2 seeds; pit barely grooved
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Nyssa
(tupelo)
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Alternate; veins not arcuate
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Pith diaphragmed; bud scales 3-5; imbricate
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Blue or purple drupe;1-seeded; pit ridged or winged
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Term
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Fruit
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A. saccharum, sugar maple
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A. nigrum, black maple
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A. rubrum, red maple
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A. saccharinum, silver maple
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Definition
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Fruit
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A. saccharum, sugar maple
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5” in diameter, 5 lobed, glabrous below
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Appear with leaves, bright yellow, long pedicelled, polygamous
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Autumnal, U-shaped wings, 1” long, slightly divergent
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A. nigrum, black maple
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~5” in diameter, mostly 3 lobed, pubescent below
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same
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Same
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A. rubrum, red maple
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~4” in diameter, 3 lobed, V-shaped sinuses, silvery below
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Appear before leaves, short pedicelled, polygamous, reddish corolla
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Vernal, ¾” long wings, slightly divergent
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A. saccharinum, silver maple
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~6” in diameter, 5 lobed, silvery below
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Same but apetalous (no petals)
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Vernal, ~2” wings, extremely divergent
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Term
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Fruit
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A. negundo, Boxelder maple
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A. macrophyllum, Bigleaf maple
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Definition
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Fruit
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A. negundo, Boxelder maple
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3-7 leaflets, pinnately compound
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Usually appearing with leaves, dioecious
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Autumnal, V-shaped wings ~1.5” long, slightly convergent at tip
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A. macrophyllum, Bigleaf maple
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~10” in diameter, deeply 5 lobed, glabrous below
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Same, but species is polygamous (=bisexual and unisexual flowers on same plant)
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Autumnal, 1.5” wings, slightly divergent, seed covered with pale brown hairs
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Term
• Small to medium sized; rapidly growing; short lived; found in cool North Temperate regions
• Leaves: Deciduous, alternate, simple
• Flowers: Unisexual, species monoecious and in aments
• Catkins- a flexible spike; aments preformed except in Carpinus
• Fruit: A Samara- dry indehiscent fruit bearing a wing, or a very small to medium sized nut |
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Definition
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Term
• Leaves: Deciduous, alternate, and simple
• Flowers: Perfect, borne in clusters at the end of a stalk
• Fruit: Capsule, drupe, berry, NUT LIKE |
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Definition
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Term
• Leaves: Deciduous, alternate, and simple
• Flowers: Perfect and imperfect ( species usually dioecious or polygamous)
• Fruit: Berry |
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Definition
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Term
• Very important for fruit and ornamental culture; a few timber species
• Leaves: Deciduous or persistent, alternate (Rarely opposite), simple or compound
• Flowers: Perfect, actinomorphic, five sepals, five petals, many spirally arranged stamens
• Fruit: Pome, drupe, capsule, follicle, achene (many are edible) |
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Definition
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Term
• Leaves: Deciduous, alternate or opposite; simple; may be arculately- veined; pointed at both ends
• Flowers: Perfect or Imperfect
• Fruit: Drupe (fleshy, indehiscent fruit enclosing a stony endocarp), or berry (fleshy, indehiscent, pulpy multi-seeded fruit resulting from a single pistil) |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Alternate, often persistent, but may be deciduous
o Flowers: Usually imperfect, most species dioecious
o Fruit: Fleshy Drupe |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Deciduous; opposite; palmately compound
o Flowers: Perfect or imperfect often in the same flower cluster; can be large and short
o Fruit: Capsule |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Deciduous (rarely persisteny); opposite; simple or compound (if simple, palmately-lobed; if compound, pinnately so)
o Flowers: Perfect and imperfect (most species polygamous or dioecious)
o Fruit: double (rarely triple) samara, united at the base, each one seeded
o Twigs: stout to slender, pith is homogenous |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Deciduous or persistent; alternate; simple or compound
o Flowers: Deciduous or persistent; alternate; simple or compound
o Flowers: Imperfect (dioecious) or polygamous
o Fruit: Drupe or nutlike |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Deciduous or persistent; opposite (rarely alternate); simple or pinnately compound
o Flowers: Perfecet and Imperfect
o Fruit: samara, capsule, drupe, berry |
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Definition
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Term
o Leaves: Deciduous; opposite or whorled; simple or compound
o Flowers: Perfect (usually large and showy)
o Fruit: Capsule (rarely a berry-like fruit) |
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Definition
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Term
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Stems
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Rhus aromatica
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Rhus copallina
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Rhus glabra
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Rhus typhina
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Definition
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Species
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Leaves
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Flowers
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Stems
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Rhus aromatica
Fragrant/aromatic sumac
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Ternately compound with 3 leaflets
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Catkin-like clusters; appearing on old wood before the leaves
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Slender, fragrant when bruised; leaf scars are circular
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Rhus copallina
Shining/winged sumac
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Pinnately compound; leaflets entire (or nearly so); winged rachis
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Terminal panicles appearing on new wood after the leaves
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Slightly pubescent, reddish with U-shaped leaf scars
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Rhus glabra
Smooth sumac
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Pinnately compound; leaflets toothed; rachis not winged, normally red in color
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Same
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Glabrous, covered with a waxy bloom, stout, somewhat 3-sided
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Rhus typhina
Staghorn sumac
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Pinnately compound; leaflets toothed; pubsecent rachis
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Same
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Stems pubescent, stout; brownish pith, fragrant when bruised
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Term
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Species
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Leaves
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Growth Habit
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Fruit
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Toxicodendron vernix
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Toxicodendron radicans
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Toxicodendron diversilobum
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Definition
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Species
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Leaves
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Growth Habit
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Fruit
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Toxicodendron vernix Poison sumac
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Pinnately compound with 7+ leaflets
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Erect shrub
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Mostly glabrous
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Toxicodendron radicans Poison ivy
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Pinnately compound with 3 leaflets; terminal leaflet acuminate; leaves scattered along stem
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Climbing/trailing vine with aerial rootlets
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Same
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Toxicodendron diversilobum western poison-oak
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Pinnately compound with 3 leaflets; terminal leaflet rounded/blunt; leaves clustered near stem tip
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Plant not climbing, aerial rootlets absent;
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Pubescent
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Term
ruiWildlife Uses: Fruits not used by small songbirds (size), but are favored by squirrels, deer, turkey and ruffed grouse. Leaves are browsed by deer. Tree crown architecture provides nesting sites.
by small songbirds (size), but are favored by squirrels, deer, turkey and ruffed grouse. Leaves are browsed by deer. Tree crown architecture provides nesting sites. |
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Definition
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Term
| Wildlife Uses: Persistent fruit consumed by robins, catbirds, mockingbirds, woodpeckers. Mammals include tree squirrels and raccoons. Occasionally browsed by deer. |
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Definition
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Term
Wildlife Uses: favorite browse species of white tail deer and moose (can limit regeneration success); Catkins used by roughed grouse, seeds by siskins. Older trees used as nesting sites by crows and raptors.
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Definition
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Term
Leaves: deciduous, alternate, simple
Flowers: imperfect; species dioecious
Fruit: capsule (=dry, dehiscent fruit produced from a compound pistil).
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Definition
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Term
Wildlife Uses:are not frequently used as cover, although dead trees are preferred by woodpeckers and Indiana bats (under sloughing bark). Flower buds are eaten by tree squirrels
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Definition
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Term
Wildlife Uses:provide major cover, especially dense clonal stands of young stems. Roughed grouse, song birds, American woodcock, white-tailed deer
In older trees, cavity nesters, woodpeckers.
Source of food for beavers, hares, moose and deer |
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Definition
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Term
Wildlife Uses: consistent fruit production highly preferred by deer, raccoons, foxes, opossums and deer. Wild turkey, woodpeckers and cedar waxwings may also take advantage of ripening fruit in the fall.
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Definition
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Term
Wildlife Uses: Production of late-summer fruit consumed by smaller songbirds as well as black bear, red and gray foxes, raccoons, opossum.
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Definition
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Term
Leaves: deciduous, alternate, simple or compound (pinnately and/or bipinnately)
Flower: perfect and or imperfect (many species monoecious or dioecious)
Fruit: a legume
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Definition
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