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Death
Exam #1
36
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 2
10/03/2011

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Term
apoptosis
Definition
programmed death, process in which cells play active role in their own death - key to life & death, synonymous
Term
Gilgamesh
Definition
oldest story in the world. seeked to find only person who ever gained immortality, was tested to see if worthy of gift of immortality - failed & came to accept mortality
Term
Pardoner's Tale
Definition
3 men looking for death so can kill him before he kills them - boy warned them that death was waiting in ambush, old man told men where to find gold, men killed each other over gold - got what they were looking for
Term
3 images of death in Pardoner's Tale
Definition
boy - told men death waiting to ambush them; old man - looked forward to death to end misery; men - looking for death to get him before he got them
Term
irony of conquest of death
Definition
eternal struggle to conquer death even though it's natural & common
Term
Parable of Mustard Seed
Definition
woman's son died, but she was in denial; priest told her to carry son to every house in village to collect seed from every house where there wasn't a death - came to accept son's death
Term
Appointment in Samarra
Definition
traveler cannot escape death even as travels to far away lands
Term
classical concepts of death
Definition
enemy, void - nothing at all, friend - release from pain & suffering, transition
Term
classical images of death in paintings
Definition
thief, old man, consumer, reaper, hunter, sovereign
Term
"Unity of Opposites" & "non-duality" in Hinduism
Definition
use of symbols to express dualistic nature of things - idea that things appear distinct while not being separate
Term
living as decisional
Definition
make decision to live, can always give up life
Term
living as relational
Definition
premature death comes about from lack of social interactions; married people live the longest -> single -> widowed -> divorsed
Term
living as mysterious
Definition
death is mysterious
Term
living as consciousness
Definition
conscious that self is living
Term
Egyptian elimination of death through changelessness
Definition
denied death. preserved bodies after death to keep appearance of living
Term
importance of animals to Egyptians
Definition
animals hardly ever change in appearance - scarab beetles symbolized unchanging life, mummified, & worn around neck for good luck. order & mystery
Term
"Book of the Dead"
Definition
manual for mummification & judged who was "good/bad"
Term
permanent selfhood
Definition
"Ka" - vital energy, what motivates self preservation
"Ba" - uniqueness, qualities that make self different from others
Term
Myth of Osiris, Seth, & Isis
Definition
Isis - sister & wife of Osiris. Seth - Osiris' jealous brother, murdered him, cut his body into pieces & spread them across Egypt so could never come back to life. Isis collected all pieces & Osiris came back to life
Term
Tucker vs Lower
Definition
jury decided death occurs when brain dies
Term
3 levels of defining death
Definition
1. irreversible stopping of flow of bodily fluids.
2. irreversible loss of soul from body - philosophical
3. irreversible loss of capacity for bodily integration
4. irreversible loss of consciousness or capacity for social interaction
1 + 3 = dead
Term
Dead-Donor Rule
Definition
organ transplants must abide by rule - person must be declared dead before organs can be removed, but organs must be alive
Term
Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
Definition
standardized state laws on donation of organs & tissues - allows person to make gift at time of death w/ signed document
Term
Belgium Presumed Consent Law
Definition
person will be organ donor unless explicitly states otherwise
Term
"The Four Signs"
Definition
Siddhartha saw signs of suffering when left palace - 1. sign of aging, 2. sign of serious illness, 3. signs of death itself, 4. Hindu monk at peace
Term
asceticism vs prodigality
Definition
practicing strict self-denial as measure of personal & spiritual discipline
Term
Middle Path
Definition
living in both extremes is unbearable; wisdom of the middle - moderate & discipline self
Term
3 stages in silent meditation
Definition
1. memory of all past lives, 2. suffering of all human beings, 3. transitory nature of things - life=illusion; without life, no self; death happens to self, self=illusion, death=illusion
Term
Budh
Definition
"awakening"
Term
reincarnation
Definition
cycle of rebirth
Term
Samsara
Definition
cycle or wheel of suffering & reincarnation
Term
Karma
Definition
current that carries character
Term
Tanha
Definition
thirst for life, what keeps us in wheel of life
Term
Nirvana
Definition
nir=no, vana=wind; everything still, calm, & at peace
Term
4 Noble Truths
Definition
1. nature of suffering, 2. origin of suffering, 3. cessation of suffering, 4. "the way" leading to end of suffering: Eightfold Path
Term
4 forms of euthanasia
Definition
1. active voluntary - intervention & choice, 2. active involuntary - intervention & no choice, 3. passive voluntary - withholding/withdrawing & choice, 4. passive involuntary - withholding/withdrawing & no choice
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