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Data and Measures of Disease Occurance
Epidemiology Module 1
49
Medical
Graduate
09/17/2009

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Term
What is the term for the review of data for accuracy and completeness?
Definition
data cleaning
Term
What type of graph shows the frequency of cases for categories of a categorical (discrete) variable such as yes/no variables?
Definition
bar chart
Term
What is similar to a bar chart but is used for continuous variables?
Definition
histogram
Term
What type of variable could have an infinite no of values along a continuum?
Definition
continous variable
Term
Height, weight, and blood sugar levels are all examples of what type of variable?
Definition
contiunous
Term
What type of graph is used to display trends, eg. time trends?
Definition
line graph
Term
What type of graph shows the proportion of cases according to several categories?
Definition
pie chart
Term
What is defined as "the value obtained by dividing one quantity by another?"
Definition
ratio
Term
Rates, proportions, and percentages are all examples of what term?
Definition
ratio
Term
What is a type of ratio in which the numerator is a part of the denominator?
Definition
proportion
Term
A percentage is a part of what other 2 categories?
Definition
ratio, proportion
Term
What differs from a proportion b/c the denominator involves a measure of time?
Definition
rate
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
what refers to the no of cases of a dz or other health phenomenon being studied?
Definition
count
Term
Do single cases have public health significance?
Definition
they can if they are unusual
Term
What refers tot he occurence of new dz or mortality w/in a defined period of observation (eg week, mo, yr, or other time period) in a *specified population*?
Definition
incidence
Term
What is the term for the members of the population who are capable of developing the dz or condition being studied?
Definition
population at risk
Term
What is the number of existing cases of a dz or health condition, or deaths in a population at some designated time?
Definition
prevalence
Term
3 types of prevalence
Definition
point, period, lifetime
Term
3 types of prevalence
Definition
point, period, lifetime
Term
What term refers to all cases, dz, health condition, or deaths that exist at a particular pt in time relative to a specific population from which the cases are derived?
Definition
pt prevalence
Term
What term refers to all cases, dz, health condition, or deaths that exist at a particular pt in time relative to a specific population from which the cases are derived?
Definition
pt prevalence
Term
What term refers to all cases, dz, health condition, or deaths that exist at a particular pt in time relative to a specific population from which the cases are derived?
Definition
pt prevalence
Term
what term refers to all cases of a dz w/in a period of time?
Definition
period prevalence
Term
What term refers to cases diagnosed at any time during the person's lifetime?
Definition
lifetime prevalence
Term
4 mss of morbidity and mortality?
Definition
crude rates, case fatality rates, proportional mortality ratio, cause-specific rates
Term
what is a type of rate that has not been modified to take account of any of the factors such as the demographic make-up of the population that may affect the observed rate?
Definition
crude rate
Term
what is a type of rate that has not been modified to take account of any of the factors such as the demographic make-up of the population that may affect the observed rate?
Definition
crude rate
Term
What is a population from which cases of a dz have been taken?
Definition
reference population
Term
What is a term for the no of deaths d/t a dz that occur among persons who are afflicted w/that dz?
Definition
case fatality rate
Term
What is a term for the no of deaths w/in a population d/t a specific dz or cuase divided by the total no of deaths in the population?
Definition
proportional mortality ratio
Term
what is a ms that refers to mortality (or frequency of a given dz) divided by the population size at midpt of a time period times a multiplier?
Definition
cause-specific rate
Term
What is a term for the no of cases per age group of population during a specified time period?
Definition
age-specific rate
Term
What is a rate of morbidity or mortality in a population in which statistical procedures have applied to permit fair comparisons across populations by removing the effect of differences in the composition of various populations. what is a factor in this modification?
Definition
adjusted rate. age is a factor used in rate adjustment
Term
What is known as external validity?
Definition
representativeness
Term
What refer to the generalizability of the findings to the population from which the data have been taken?
Definition
representativeness, aka external validity
Term
Births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and fetal deaths are all examples of what?
Definition
vital events
Term
Births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and fetal deaths are all examples of what?
Definition
vital events
Term
What program type is used for the following: communicable and infectious dz, non-infectious dz, risk factors for chronic dz?
Definition
public health surveillance programs
Term
What describes, using health-related data that precede diagnosis and signal a sufficient probability of a case or an outbreak to warrant further public health response?
Definition
syndromic surveillance
Term
What are used by the us to monitor at the state level behavioral risk factors that are associated w/chronic dz?
Definition
behavioral risk factor surveillance system
Term
What is a centralized database for collection of information about a dz?
Definition
registry
Term
What is a document used to collect information about a dz?
Definition
register
Term
eh surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program (seer) is an example of what?
Definition
registry
Term
the vital statistis system is an example of what?
Definition
survey and data collection system
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