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| plastid containing chlorophyll pigment and thylakoid membranes; photosynthesis |
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| network of membranes; contains chlorophyll; stacked into columns called grana, high H+ w/i during chemiosmosis |
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| light capturing unit of the thylakoid; center is a single chlorophyll |
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| involves reduction of CO2 to carb and release of O2 from water; net reaction is reverse of respiration |
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convert solar energy to ATP and NADPH
• Cyclic e Flow – series of redox reactions returns electrons to P700; ATP prod
• Noncyclic – KEY pathway; high-energy electrons are transferred to electron acceptor NADP+; net result is production of NADPH and ATP / photolysis of water |
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| use ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to carbs (CO2 fixed to RBP – Calvin cycle) ; product is three carbon PGAL; six turns of the cycle (6 CO2 and 6 RBP) = 12 PGAL; 12PGAL can be converted to 1 glucose + 6RBP; PGAL = prime end product (immediate food nutrient) |
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site of photosynthesis; several adaptations for efficiency
• Waxy Cuticle – reduce transpiration and conserve water
o Casparian strip – waxy band in plants that aid in water control
• Spongy Layer – moist surface necessary for diffusion of gases
• Guard Cells – surround stomata and control its size; open during day; contain chloroplasts thus produce glucose; high glucose content causes cell to swell and open |
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Definition
| oxidize ammonia and nitrites to nitrates and use the energy to make glucose; plants use the nitrates to make proteins |
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