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Definition
Treats angina and comes in many forms
Quickly metabolized in liver
Like all nitrates it decreases preload and also redistributes blood flow to the endocardium
Lusitropic effect (active relaxation)
Tolerance is dose and exposure time depedent
Tolerance lowered when given with antioxidants of Hydralazine |
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Definition
Used in CHF in combo with hydralazine(arteriole dilator)
Slightly more stable against hepatic degradation (broken to 2 equally active metabolites) |
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Definition
Most prescribed of the nitrates
High bioavail, easily absorbed and used prophylactically
Long duration of action
Renally excreted |
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Definition
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| Nitroglycerine slow release |
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Definition
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| Nitrglycerine Transdermal |
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Definition
| Patch given that must be used only 12hrs at a time |
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Definition
Isosorbide dinitrate and Hydralazine
Very effective in AA with heart failure |
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Definition
competitive antagonist of aldosterone
prevent K loss
Used in CHF
Side affect is may act as anti androgen |
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Definition
Selective aldosterone receptor antagonist
prevent K loss |
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Term
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Definition
Blocks Na current in collecting ducts so K is not lost
Too weak alone, when combined with thiazide diuretics it is effective |
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Definition
Blocks Na current in collecting ducts so K is not lost
Too weak alone, when combined with thiazide diuretics it is effective |
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Definition
Thiazide diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition (+)
40% protein bound
95% renal elimination
T 1/2 of 9-10hr |
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Term
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Definition
Thiazide diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition (+++)
99% protein bound
65% renal elimination
T 1/2 of 50-60hr |
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Term
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Definition
Thiazide diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition (+)
95% protein bound
80% renal elimination
T 1/2 of 8-14hr |
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Term
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Definition
Thiazide diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition (++)
75% protein bound
Hepatically metabolized
T 1/2 of 14hr |
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Definition
Loop Diuretic
Never 1st line unless patient has renal impairment or is on minoxidil(vasodilator that causes edema that loop diuretics ameliorate
Causes excretion of Ca and Mg |
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Definition
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Definition
ACEI
decreases aldosterone, increases vasodilation and bradykinin |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
ARB
33% bioavail; metabolized to active drug; prodrug has 2 hr halflife, active drug has 6-9hr halflife |
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Definition
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Definition
Direct Renin inhibitor
Decreases ANG I and II without affecting Bradykinin
Halflife of 24hrs and bioavail is 2.5% but thats enough cause its so potent |
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Definition
Selective Beta 1 blocker
Important for diabetics cause they will have a hypertensive crisis on nonselective b blocker |
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Definition
Selective B1 blocker
short and quick duration |
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Definition
Non selective B blocker
Increases TG and decreases HDL |
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Definition
Selective Beta 1 blocker
Most frequently used B blocker
Allows better exercise tolerance cause beta2 allows K uptake, increased muscle and liver perfusion and glycogenolysis |
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Definition
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Definition
| Alpha Beta blocker used to treat pregnant women |
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Definition
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Definition
CCB (non-dihydropyridine)
HTN, angina, arrythmias, and migraines
bioavail 20-35% half life 6hrs
Dosed 8hrs |
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Term
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Definition
CCB (non-dihydropyridine)
HTN, angina, and raynauds
bioavail 40-65%, halflife 3-4hrs
dosed every 6 |
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Term
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Definition
CCB (dihydropyridine)
Acts so quick on arteries that you get a SNS surge and may cause heart failure
Used for vasospasm cause its the only one fast enough |
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Term
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Definition
most common CCB (dihydropyridine)
Long halflife (30-50hr) and no reflexive increase in SNS like nifedipine
Dosed 1 per day
Used in angina and HTN |
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Definition
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Definition
Alpha 2 agonist
Mild to Moderate HTN
Opiate withdrawl |
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Definition
Alpha 2 agonist
Mild to moderate HTN
Hypertensive management in pregnancy
May cause positive coombs test |
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Definition
Direct acting Vasodilator (NO donor)
Specifically acts on arteries
Moderate to severe HTN |
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Definition
Opens K channels (hyperpol SMC) causing arteiolar vasodilation
Severe HTN
Baldness (topical)
Avoid use with loop diuretic (opposite affects) |
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Definition
Dissolves and spontaneously releases NO to act on all veins and ateries
Used to treat hypertensive crisis and acute heart failure but not angina |
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Definition
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Definition
Selective Alpha 1 blocker
treats BPH |
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Definition
ARB
43% bioavail; Not a prodrug; 24 hr halflife |
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Definition
CCB(Dihydropyridines)
Used specifically for cerebral circulation and is indicated for subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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Term
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Definition
For stable angina - Inhibits late sodium current thus increasing oxygen to ischemic tissue
Slow release, 6-8 hr duration, hepatic metabolized (CYP3A)
Side effects are nausea, dizziness, constipation and a long QT (but doesnt increase arrythmias but still dont give it to people with long QT |
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Definition
| Dilates peripheral and coronary resistance vessels by an action on K channels and has a nitrate moiety that promotes systemic venous and coronary vasodilation |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits funny current thus reducing HR at all times
no effect on BP, contractility, QT interval, or conduction |
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Definition
Carbonic anhydrase Inhibitor
Increases Na and HCO3 in urine
Treats Glaucoma, acute mountain sickness, and metabolic alkalosis |
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