active listening

focused and purposeful listening

critical thinking

the ability to evaluate claims based on well-supported reasons

defensive listening

listener who opposes the speaker and/or believes that they know everything

external listening distraction

anything in the environment that attracts the listener's attention elsewhere 

Feedback loop

how speakers adjust their message based on listeners' reactions

internal listening distraction

A listener's thoughts and feelings that distract them from the message

listening distraction

Anything that focsues the listener away from the message being given

Selective perception

listening to certain messages while ignoring others

valid generalization

Ideas that are supported by evidence from a different sources

overgeneralization

Ideas that are under supported by reasoning