Home > Flashcards > Sociology > Culture, Norms, Deviance

Details Title: Culture, Norms, Deviance Description: & Values, Diversity, Groups Total Flash Cards: 30 Created: 01/10/2006 19:16:44	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Society Definition the study of human interaction Term Culture Definition The way of life of a certain group of people Term Sub-culture Definition small cultures within larger ones 1. The smaller the subculture the less unique treats that define it 2. Subcultures tend to follow the traits of the larger culture (just add onto) Term Counter-cultures Definition a form of subculture that opposes the traits of the larger culture ex. Hippies 1. ALL are temporary b/c: A. Main stream cultural traits based on what WORKS (no drugs) B. BUT, main stream culture absorbs some of the interesting traits (tie-dye) Term Cultural Universals Definition Things all cultures have rules/expectations about (COMPARE TWO CUTLURES) food: forks US v. chopsticks china Term Norms Definition Behavior society expects from its members Consits of folkways & mores Term Folkways Definition Minor norms, usually not even laws 1. Enforced by society pressure, dissapear if not 2. Internalization - we do so often don't question - it's AUTOMATIC 3.Positive/Negative Reinforcemet: society rewards those who follow, punishes those who break Term More Definition serious norms, usually laws ex: Don't kill, steal, lie 1. Create an emotional response if broken 2. Society must respond aggresively to those who break it 3. If large #'s in a society break, society will fall apart Term Values Definition What is good/important/right/moral to an individual (freedom, friendship, family) 1. Sources? - Parents - Friends - Personal experience - society/media - religion - ppl share values in groups, groups treasure the values, - change is slow b/c it tends to be generational - people assume others share our values (democracy,Iraq) Term Cultural Diversity Definition USA is, North Korea is not Good about it? - get best traits of various cultures Bad? - loss of original culture traits - possible intolerance - ethnocentrism (my group's best, natural to humans) Term Cultural Relivitism Definition - Examinging cultures through their own standards/traits, NOT YOURS - This produces a bias-free approach to the study of culture Term Deviance Definition a REPETATIVE violation of society's NORMS, (not singular), INTENTIONAL most ppl aren't deviant (internalized correct behavior, society punishes deviants) Term Postitive Functions of Deviants Definition 1. Show ppl the rule, and what happens if they break it! 2. Gets ppl jobs (police, etc.) 3. Show problem w/ the norm - apartide 4. Source of entertainment/excietment 5. Unifys society (US against them mentality). This is so strong it can be MADE UP and still work (Hitler, Durkheim) Term Theory of Deviant Cause Definition 1. Cultural transmission: learn deviance from other deviants - most visible in early adolescence 2. Structural Strain: - Deviance response to values of a society STEP #1: Society creates goals for it's members (rich) STEP #2: Not everyone has the same means/abilities to reach goal Term Status Definition a defined position in society (hat). Similar to subcultures, humans have multiple statuses two types: assigned, achieved Term Assigned Status Definition no choice, no effort (race, gender, height) * creates problems of ACCEPTANCE Term Achieved Status Definition you make a choice/effort to get it (ex:good student, driver, friend) Term Master Status Definition Status most important to the person at the time -Changes throughout life - It's usually achieved, but could be either one Term Roles Definition Behavior assciated with a particular status Term Roles situations Definition Role-reversal Reciprocal Roles Role Conflict Role-strain Term Role-reversal Definition - two people switch long-standing roles (children - aging parents) Term Reciprocal Roles Definition You need another person to preform their roles so you can do yours - Student - teacher - Doctor - patient - Friend - friend Term Role-conflict Definition performing one role interferes w/ another role good worker v. good student good daughter v. good friend good friend v. good gf Term Role-strain Definition being unable to perform the role of a specific status (your FIRST... day of school,job, etc.) Term Groups Definition - 2 or more people - In close physical proximity - w/ common goals/expectation - * label/title * - interact Term Aggregate Definition Exactly like a group except NO interaction (elevator, in line) * Humans like these b/c they like being anonymous, not having to interact (no expectations) Term To study groups you use: Definition #1: Time: all groups are temporary, longest we can handle? tends to be family #2: Size: up to 12-15 before it breaks into subgroups #3: Organization: all groups have norms (sit in same spot @ lunch table) -informal: only few loose rules (friends) -formal: very structured (class) Term Types of Groups Definition Primary- usually small in number (have only a few of these groups), and small in size (amt of ppl in group). Most likely have 1-2 of these, 1-2 in each group. -Knows you better than anyone - long time to establish, lasts a long time - by being OPEN to them you're VULNERABLE!!! dangerous 2. Secondary -lots of them, can be big - they only know a small side to your personality - easy to get, don't last long Term Social Network Definition Line, w/ primary& secondary groups, most ppl have lots of secondary ones Term Maximize secondary groups b/c: Definition 1. Contacts 2. Lots of activities 3. Source of future primary groups