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| An amphipathic molecule is one with a polar and an non-polar end. |
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| The plasmalemma is the cell membrane. |
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| The glycocalyx is the carbohydrate-rich region surrounding the cell. This includes phospholipids, glycoproteins and proteoglygans. It is protective of the cell and also provides recognition molecules. |
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| Triskelion is the shape of clathrin. It consists of three bent arms that interlock with adjacent molecules. |
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| A phagosome is the product of fusion of a phagocytic vesicle with lysosomes. |
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| Autophagosomes are a method for disposing of old organelles by encapsulation with endoplasmic reticulum and fusion with lysosomes. |
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| If something cannot be digested in the lysosomes it will form lipofuscin (more prevalent in older cells). |
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| Opsonization is the coating of an object (such as a bacteria) with antibodies that will permit recognition by phagocytic cells. |
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| Euchromatin is lighter staining, actively transcribing, loose packed chromatin. A euchromatic nucleus means a cell is very active in protein synthesis. |
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| Heterochromatin is darker staining, non-transcribing, tight packed chromatin. The two types are constitutive (at edge of nucleus and rarely transcribed) and facultative (shut down but may be activated if needed). |
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| Kayokinesis is the separation of the nucleus into two daughter nuclei. |
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| Cytokinesis is the separation of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. |
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| A nucleosome consists of about 150 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octameric core of histone proteins. |
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| A solonoid consists of one turn of a spiral of nucleosomes. |
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| What is the chemical composition of the lipid part of the cell membrane? What is the most common lipid? |
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