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Details Title: Critical Thinking midterm Description: Proposition-theoretical definition Total Flash Cards: 34 Created: 10/17/2004 17:53:07	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Oviously Genuine Dispute Definition the parties explicity and unabiguously disagree in belief or in attitude Term Compound Proposition Definition A proposition that contains another proposition Term Proposition Definition The conten of a thought, belief, sentence or expression that is always true or false. May not be known wheather it is true or false Term Logic Definition The study of methods and principles used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning Term Vagueness Definition a term is vague when there are "borderline" cases to which the term might or might not apply Term Ambiguity Definition Uncertainty because a word of phrase has more than one meaning Term Logical Relations Definition Relations of truth and falsehood, such as: is probable is, is logically consitent with Term Expressive Discourse Definition Language used to convey or evoke feelings Term Informative Discourse Definition Language used to convey information Term Inductive Argument Definition In an inductive argument the premises are not claimed to give conclusion support, but only to give some support for it. link of probability Term Enthymeme Definition An argument that is stated incompletely, the unstated part of it being taken for granted Term Rhetorical Question Definition A utterance used to make a statement but which, because it is in interrogative form is therefore neither true or false. Does not literally assert anything Term Definiens Definition the symbol of symbols used to explain the meaning of the definiendum Term Definiendum Definition the symbol being defined Term Relative term Definition A term whose correct applicaiton to something, x, depends on how x is related to other objects. Premisses and conclusios are relative terms Term Argument Definition Any group of propositions in which one proposition (conclusion) is claimed to follow from the others(the premises) Term Conditional Proposition Definition A type of compound proposition. If x than y. If either is true so is the other Term Temporal Relations Definition Relations of time, such as: being before, being after, being simultaneous with Term Directive Language Definition Language used to cause of prevent action Term merely verbal dispute Definition there appears to be disagreement between the parties, but there is no genuine disagreement between them at all Term Apparently verbal but really genuine dispute Definition The parties may misunderstand one anothersuse of terms, but the disagrement goes beyond differing uses of terms Term Conjunctive proposition Definition type of compound proposition. Asserting the conjunction of two propositions is strictly equivalent to asserting each of the component propositions themselves EX: "Wolves are hunters and intellegent" Term Disjunctive Proposition Definition type of compound proposition One does not assert either of its components. Rather one asserts that at least one of the componets is true. EX: "Clinton will be censured of impeached by congress" Term Stipulative Definition Definition a proposal to use the definiendum to mean what is meant by the definiens. Directive rather than informative. not true or false. Term Lexical Definition Definition Textbook definition( dictionary definition) Term Theoretical Definition Definition an account of a term that is helpful for general understanding or in scientific practice Term extension of a general term Definition the collection of objects to which tat term applies Term Intension of a general term Definition is the set of attributes shared by all and only those objects denoted by the term Term Definition by genus and difference Definition Intensional definitions in which we first name the genus of which the species designated by the definiendum is it a subclass, and then name the attribute that distinguishes that species from all other species in that genus Term Subjective intension of a word Definition ois the set of all the attributed the speaker belives to be denoted by that word Term Objective intension of a word Definition the total set of attributes by all the objects in the terms extention. Term Conventional intension of a word Definition based on informal agreement in using as a criterion for the application on the word, a set of things possesed by things denoted by the word. Term Rules for definition by genus and species Definition Rule 1: A definition should state the essential attributes of the species. Rule 2: A definition must not be circular Rule 3: A defintion must be neither too broad or too narrow Rule 4: A definition must not be expressed in ambiguous, obscure, or figuarative language. Rule 5: A definition should not be negative when it can be affirmative Term Fallacy Definition a type of argument that may seem correct, but proves on examination not to be so