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Details Title: Crime & Deviance Description: HSFC Glossary of key terms Total Flash Cards: 38 Created: 05/07/2004 06:41:51	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Altruistic suicide Definition Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where people see their own happiness as unimportant. Term Anomic suicide Definition Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where rapid change is occuring. Term Arrest rates Definition Refers to the numbers of people arrested for offences. It can be different from the offending rate. Term British Crime Survey Definition Annual victimisation survey carried out by the Home Office. Term Canteen culture Definition Refers to the set of attitudes and behaviour developed by the police. It is a form of 'occupational culture'. Term Corporate crime Definition Crimes committed by companies against employees or the public. Term Critical criminology Definition A term used to describe criminologists influenced by Marxist thinking. Term Cultures of resistance Definition The term used to suggest that ethnic minorities in Britain have developed a culture that resists the racist oppression of the majority society. Term Deviancy amplification Definition When the action of the rule enforcers or media in response to deviance brings about an increase in the deviance. Term Drift Definition Term used by Matza to describe a state where young men are unsure exactly who they are and what their place in society is. Term Egoistic suicide Definition Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where people regard their individual happiness as very important. Term Exclusion Definition The idea that some people are prevented from being able to get on in life and enjoy the benefits of an affluent society. Term Fatalistic suicide Definition Durkheim's term for suicide in extreme situations where people see their lives as having no value. Term Folk devils Definition Groups seen by the media as evil and a threat to the moral well-being of society. Term Informal social control Definition Routine, cultural ways of enforcing conformity. Term Islington Crime Surveys Definition Famous local victimisation studies focusing on one area of North London. Term Labelling theory Definition A theoretical approach, derived from symbolic interactionism, which looks at the consequences of having a particular social typing or label placed on an act, group or person. Term Left realist Definition A development from Marxist criminology which argues that it is better to work within capitalism to improve people's lives, than to attempt wholesale social change. Term Marginalised Definition Forced out of the mainstream. A sociological term referring to those who are pushed to the edge of society in cultural, status and economic terms. Term Military model of policing Definition Policing which is imposed upon the population. Term Moral panic Definition Public concern, created by the media, about the behaviour of certain groups of people who are seen as a threat to the moral order and stability of society. Term Occupational crime Definition Crimes committed against a company by an employee. Term Offending rates Definition Statistics referring to how many crimes are committed, and by which groups of people. Term Parasuicide Definition A term used by Taylor for suicide attempts where the person is not certain whether they want to die or not, and 'gambles' with their life. Term Primary deviance Definition The act of breaking a rule. Term Right realism Definition Approach to crime deriving from the right-wing theories of James Q. Wilson and emphasising 'zero tolerance'. Term Secondary deviance Definition The response to rule breaking, which usually has greater social consequences than initial rule-breaking. Term Self-report studies Definition Where people are asked to note down the crimes they have committed over a particular period. Term Stigmatise Definition To mark something out as bad. Term Subculture Definition A distinctive set of values that provides and alternative to those of the mainstream culture. Term Victimisation (or victim) surveys Definition Where people are asked what crimes have happened to them over a particular period. Term White-collar crime Definition Crime committed by the middle and upper classes in the context of corporate life. Term Consensual model of policing Definition Policing method based on the consent of the population. Term Coroners Definition Officials who decide on cause of death. Term Illegitimate opportunity structure Definition Refers to an alternative illegal way of life that certain groups in society have access to. Term Social bond Definition In control theories, these refer to the forms of social control preventing people acting in a deviant way. Term Stigmatised Definition Labelled in a negative way. Term Zone of transition Definition The cheapest and least desirable zones of the city.