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Amount of crime that has been prevented simply due to the fact that a formal system is in place so that an individual could be legally punished for committing a criminal act. |
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One of the three elements of deterrence. Celerity refers to how quickly an individual is punished after committing a crime. |
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One of the three elements of deterrence. how likely it is that an individual will be caught and punished for a crime that he or she has committed. Certainty is the most important of the three elements. |
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Free will and the greatest good for the greatest number. Refers to a belief that a crime is committed after an individual weighs the pros and cons. The decision to commit a crime is a rational decision, and is best countered through a deterrence-based system. Was designed to provide a rational, logical, and philosophical alternative to what was often an abusive, cruel, inhumane, and arbitrary system of justice |
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Rational choice. This theory states that crime can be controlled through the use of punishments that combine the proper degrees of certainty, severity, and celerity. Deterrence is a key element in the U.S. justice system. |
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Doctrine that a community or a society of people can be deterred from committing a criminal act after having witnessed the punishment of an individual or individuals for having committed that act. |
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Punishment should fit the crime without regard to individual differences. |
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1980s formulation of classical criminology. While the beliefs of rational choice theory can be traced back to eighteenth-century philosopher Cesare Beccaria, the emphasis is placed on the expected reward for committing a crime, and other associated costs and benefits surrounding criminal activity. |
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how harsh the punishment for a crime will be. Punishment must fit the crime. If a punishment is not severe enough, it will not deter crime. if it is too severe, it is unjust and can lead to more crime. |
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This style of deterrence is used with a specific offender in mind. An Individual is punished for a criminal act, then that individual will be less likely to violate the law in the future. |
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Puts the blame for the crime problem squarely on the shoulders of the individual, and not as a society as a whole. |
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