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Olfactory

fibers from olfactory epithelia go through cribriform plate to the olfactory bulb

Sensory: Smell

Test: Smelling oils (clove or vanilla)

Optic Nerve

Retina through optic foramen to optic chaisma to optic tract (thalamus) then optic cortex

Sensory: Vision

Test eye chart, feild of veiw, ophthalmoscope (papilledema, swelling of optic disc) Check blood vessels

Oculomotor

Fibers from dorsal midbrain through the superior orbital fissure

Primarily motor: move the inferior oblique and superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles, moves the levator palebrae muscles for eylid; Smooth muscle controlling lens shape (parasympathetic)

Tests Pupils for size, shape, equality, pupillary reflex w/pinlight; convergence of nearsighted vision, following objects

Trochlear

Fibers emerge from midbrain through superior orbital fissure

Somatic motor fibers to Superior oblique muscle

Test pupils size, shape, & equality; pupillary reflex w/pinlight; convergence for near vision, following objects

Trigeminal

Fibers emerge through the ponsand go to-

Ophthalmic: Superior orbital fissure

Maxillary: Foramen rotundum

Mandibular: Foramen Ovale

Function: Mixed Major sensory of face to skin of face & anterior scalp, from mucosae of nose and mouth & surface of eyes; Mandibular division innervates mastification muscles & muscle of floor of mouth

Test: Sensation of pain touch & temp with pin & hot & cold objects; Corneal reflex w/cotton; Clenching teeth and moving jaw sise to side and opening mouth w/resistance

Abducens

Lower pons through superior orbital fissure

Motor fibers Lateral rectus muscle

Test Pupils size shape & equality, pupillary reflex w/pinlight; convergence of near vision, following objects

Facial

Pons through the internal acoustic meatus and the Sternomastoid foramen

Mixed-somatic fibers to facial expressions & parasympathetic fibers to lacrimal & salivary glands

Sensory-taste receptors to anterior tongue

Anterior toungue tested for taste w/sweat sour & bitter flavors; symmetry of face checked, close eyes, smile, whistle. Tearing assesed w/ammonia fumes

Vestibulocochlear

Inner ear equilibrium & hearing through internal acoustic meatus to the pons

Sensory: Hearing from the cochlear and equilibrium from the semicircular canals

Tested with tunig forks or air

Glossopharyngeal

Medulla to the jugular foramen

Primarily: somatic fibers for pharyngeal, parasypathestic fibers for salivary glands;

Sensory fibers from pharynx, tonsil, posterior tongue; chemoreceptor & pressure receptors of carotid artery

Tongue depressor used check uvula; gag reflex swallowing coughing & speaking; taste for posterior tongue

Vagus

Medulla through the jugular foramen

Mixed: Somatic & sensory fibers to pharynx & Larynx, parasympathetic Heart, smooth muscle & abdominal visceral organs; sensor to visceral

Tests gag, swallowing, coughing & speaking

Accessory

Medulla through the jugular foramen

Mixed: Somatic fibers to sternocleidomastoid & trapezius & soft palate; Pharynx & larynx

Rotaing head w/resistance

Hypoglossal

Medulla through hypoglossal canal to tongue

Mixed: Somatic fibers to tongue

Test: protrude & retract tongue