Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CPS 100
Exam #1 (1-3)
45
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2008

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Who was instrumental in designing the first mechanical computer that would eventually become the modern day computer?
Definition
Konrad Zuse
Term
What machine was used to crack Nazi military codes?
Definition
Colossus
Term
What invention, developed in 1948, replaced vacuum tubes?
Definition
Transistors
Term
What is the name of the rule or law that predicited the power of silicon chips (the CPU) would double about every 18 months?
Definition
Moore's Law
Term
What company developed the microprocessor?
Definition
Intel
Term
Where is Silicon Valley located?
Definition
San jose, California
Term
Computers that once occupied full rooms, but are now approx. the size of a refrigerator, are used by large organizations and known as?
Definition
Mainframe Computers
Term
What are the attributes of supercomputers?
Definition
faster at calculation-intensive work, constructed out of thousands of microprocessors
Term
What are the attributes of workstations?
Definition
massive computing power, use of interactive applications
Term
What is the fastest growing segment of the PC market?
Definition
Term
What is a PDA?
Definition
Personal digital assistant
Term
What are programs such as Internet Explorer that serve a navigable windows into the web called?
Definition
Web browsers
Term
Events and ideas that radically change the way people work, live, and think is known as...?
Definition
A paradigm shift
Term
The software tools that enable a user to interact with a computer for specific purposes are known as?
Definition
Applications
Term
When a student posts a clip from a recent movie on her Web site, what is the ethical issue involved?
Definition
Copyrights violated
Term
What are computer chips embedded within human bodies known as?
Definition
implants
Term
What are hardware components?
Definition
physical parts of the computer system
Term
What component is known as the "brain" of the computer?
Definition
Microprocessor, CPU
Term
What is another name for CPU?
Definition
Microprocessor
Term
What is RAM also known as?
Definition

Primary Storage

Term
What is the smallest unit of information a computer can process and understand?
Definition
a bit
Term
What does binary mean?
Definition
two numbers
Term
A byte can represent any number between 0 and     ?
Definition
1
Term
what is 1024 bytes known as?
Definition
a kilobyte
Term
What is 1,000 megabytes known as?
Definition

A terabyte

Term
What is a motherboard?
Definition
the circuit board that contains a computers CPU
Term
What is Linux?
Definition
open-source software. anyone can use it or sell it as long as it remains open to improvement 
Term
What is it known as when two processors are employed in a computer?
Definition

Dual processors

Term
What is it known as when multiple CPUs are put on one chip?
Definition
multicore processors
Term
What popular CPU family includes Celeron, Centrino, and Xeon?
Definition
Intel
Term
RAM stands for....
Definition
Random access memory
Term
Information stored in RAM is considered volatile, which means what?
Definition

it is referred to as volatile memory becuase information stored there is not held permanently

Term
What are external devices such as printers, keyboards, and modems are known as?
Definition
input devices
Term
What was the early operating system developed by Microsoft?
Definition
Microsoft BASIC
Term
What are RSI's and what causes them?
Definition
Repetitive Strain Injury.
This is caused by working too fast without breaks, and holding your muscled in the same position for a long time
Term
What is the wheel on a mouse used to do?
Definition
scroll up/down on pages
Term
What are bar-code readers used to read?
Definition
uses light to read universal product codes and inventory codes
Term
What is OCR and what is it used for?
Definition
Optical character recognition.
software that locates and identifies printed characters embedded in images
Term
used to create a digital representation of a printed document or photo
Definition
scanner
Term
can interpret voice data into words understood by a computer
Definition
Speech recognition software
Term
the science of creating work environments that are safe and efficient for workers
Definition
ergonomics
Term
What are attributes of how data is written and read from magnetic tape
Definition

magnetizes binary numbers onto the tape, whic is easily read

Term
a type of erasable, realiable, and compact memory that is a viable alternative to disk storage. 
Definition
flash drive
Term
when you can remove and replace devices without turning off your computer
Definition
hot swap
Term
a high speed connection developed by Apple
Definition
fire wire
Supporting users have an ad free experience!