Term
| ____ of separations end in divorce |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _____ of 1st time marriages in U.S. end in divorce |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Failure rate for 2nd marriages |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-risk of psychopathology rates, auto accidents, physical illness, suicide, homicide, violence
-increase in mortality from disease
-depression/withdrawal on children |
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Term
| 4 things that make marriage work (John Gottman) |
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Definition
1. Resolve conflicts productively
2. Repair mechanisms
3. 5:1 ratio
4. Avoid 4 horsemen of apocalypse |
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Term
| 3 Problem solving patterns |
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Definition
-Validating
-Volatile
-Conflict-Avoidant |
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Term
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Definition
-appreciate partner's p.o.v.
-value relationship over individual needs
-moderate expression
-can negotiate compromises |
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Term
| Volatile relationships (3) |
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Definition
-Argue passionately about anything/everything
-can usually resolve differences
-enjoy making up |
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Term
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Definition
-try to ignore problems as long as possible
-often agree to disagree
-feel comfortable in cal, quiet relationships
-appreciate mutual autonomy
-least emotionally expressive |
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Term
| Attempts to end conflict, soften complaints, soothe, etc. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 kinds of repair mechanisms |
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Definition
1. editing
2. gate-keeping (staying on point in argument)
3. peace making tactics |
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Term
| ratio of positive to negative experiences |
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Definition
balance theory of marriage
5:1 |
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Term
| 4 horsemen of the apocaplypse |
|
Definition
1. criticism
2. contempt
3. defensiveness
4. stonewalling |
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Term
| -attacking significant other's personal character vs. specific behavior |
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Definition
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|
Term
| attacking a person's sense of self with the intention to insult and psychologically abuse your partner |
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Definition
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Term
| Horseman that is considered the worst of the 4 and why? |
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Definition
| Contempt bc it communicates disgust with the partner |
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Term
Seeing self as the victim, warding off perceived attack
-making excuses, complaining, yes-butting, and whining |
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Definition
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Term
| Partner completely withdrawals from an interaction |
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Definition
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Term
| Demand-withdrawal pattern of relationships |
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Definition
| -women are more likely to criticize and men are more likely to stonewall |
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Term
| 4 Keys to improving marriage |
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Definition
1. calm down
2. speak non-defensively
3. validation
4. overlooking |
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Term
| Psychodynamic premise of couples therapy |
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Definition
| Individuals choose partners that unconsciously fit into their dynamics from childhood (mother figure) |
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Term
| Psychodynamic approach to couples therapy |
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Definition
| Clarify projections and expectations each is placing on the other which have been carried from childhood |
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Term
| Behavioral approach to couples therapy |
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Definition
| Use of reinforcement principles to couples interaction |
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Term
| Behavioral techniques to couples therapy (3) |
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Definition
-contingency contracting (quid pro quo)
-support understanding techniques
-problem solving techniques |
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Term
| Emotion-focused couples therapy (3) |
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Definition
-negative affect and destructive interactional styles create marital distress
-change partners' problematic interaction styles and emotional responses
-secure attachment to ones partner is necessary to stabilize the dyadic relationship |
|
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Term
| Marital therapy outcome research findings (4) |
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Definition
-can be applied to unmarried and same-sex couples
-~75% report improvement in marital satisfaction immediately following therapy
-all therapies are equally effective
-large relapse effects after |
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Term
| ____% of couples live together before marriage |
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Definition
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Term
| How long does cohabitation tend to last? |
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Definition
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Term
| Odds of a couple being together two years after the birth of a child are __xs greater in marriage than cohab |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Those cohabitating with plans to marry tend to be (8) |
|
Definition
-older
-less educated
-more likely to already have kids
-more sexual partners
-more likely to have divorced parents
-experienced more conflicts in family growing up
-less religious
-more fav. attitudes towards divorce and less favorable attitudes towards marriage |
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Term
| 5 things premarital cohabitation is associated with |
|
Definition
-lower marital satisfaction
-poorer communication
-more marital conflict
-increase in domestic violence
-increase in infidelity |
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Term
| Two explanations for the "cohabitation" effect |
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Definition
sunk costs
relationship inertia |
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|
Term
| 4 benefits of pre marital counseling |
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Definition
-slows couples down to foster deliberation
-sends message that marriage matters
-couples learn options in case they need help later
-lower risk for marital distress/termination |
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