Term
|
Definition
| confidence in the innate potential for self-determination, which clicnets are believed to have. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trained practictioners who work withpeople over a short or longer term to help bring about effective change or enhance their wellbeing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
interpersonal tools in order to communicate effectively with clients:
listening and attending
paraphrasing
summarizing
asking questions
encouraging clients to be specific
reflecting their feelings
helping them to clarify their thoughts
encouraging them to focus on key issues
offering forms of challenge, whenneeded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assumptions and Hypotheses about the process of human development.
The way in which different forms of therapy approach problems |
|
|
Term
| Some reasons why people seek treatment |
|
Definition
Bereavement
Issues from the past
failed relationships
addictions and substance use
bullying
HIV and AIDS
Phobias and Obsessions
Difficulties at work
Depression and Anxiety
PTSD
Crisis situations
Eating Disorders |
|
|
Term
| Egan's Structure of Therapy |
|
Definition
Stage 1 - Review of present situation
Stage 2 - Development of a new or preferred scenario
Stage 3 - Moving into action |
|
|
Term
| Stages of Therapy, including pre-therapy stage |
|
Definition
Stage 1 - Precontemplation: the client thinks about getting help
Stage 2 - Establishment of contract: the client either contacts a counselor or is referred to one
Stage 3 - Imagining the relationship" the client forms a picture of the cousnelor and of the relationship that will be formed
Stage 4 - Client and Counselor meet: a reange of pressing issues is discuessed and emotins surface and carhatsis may occur
Stage 5 - Clarity adn focus - problem become clearer to client
Stage 6 - Other issue: past issues surface
Stage 7 - Management and change" ways of addressing problems are discussed and considered
Stage 8 - Apprehension of change - fear expressed about change
Stage 9 - Acheivement - client moves into action and achieves some change
Stage 10 - Ending - therapy comes to an end; client is more autonomouse and is able to cope alone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Framework that provides structure to counseling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Beginning phase - seek to make sense of problem
Middle phase - consider what to do
Later stage - where they act |
|
|
Term
| Three main counseling approaches |
|
Definition
Psychodynamic
Behavioural/Cognitive behavioral
Humanistic/Person-centered |
|
|
Term
Psychodynamic Approach
Key Concepts |
|
Definition
Sigmund Freud, Key Concepts:
- unconscous motivation
- psychosexual stages of development
- innate sexual and aggressive drives
- links between childhood and present behavior
- nature of defense mechanisms and their use
|
|
|
Term
Behavioral Approach
Key Concepts |
|
Definition
Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
Views human personality as a collection of learned behaviors. when we are rewareded for behavior we tend to repeat it. When we aren't rewarded, the behavior tends to diminish. maladaptive behavior can be perpeturated through reinforcement.
Therapy identifies ways the behavior is maintained so it can be changed/modified. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How thinking affects behavior and enhances behavioral approach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, Fritz Perls
Innate potential every person possesses
Drive toward self-actualization
Personality is unique to person and problems are set in context of each person's experience
Behavior determined my consious mind
Subjective and individual experience |
|
|
