Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Comparative Religious Thought
Final Exam
95
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 2
04/26/2014

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Prince Siddartha Gautama
Definition

~ The Glamorous Prince

~ Went on 6 year journey

~ Awakened to the 4 nobel truths

~ Became the Buddha

 

Term
The 4 sights
Definition

~ Old age

~ Sickness

~ Death

~ Withdrawal from this world

Term
Dukkha
Definition

~There is suffering (dukkha) in life

~ literal meaning is disjointedness - or difference between how you want things and how things really are

Term
Tanha
Definition

~ obsessive desire

~ cause of suffering

Term

T/F

The cause of suffering is internal, not external to yourself

Definition
TRUE
Term
2 kinds of obsessive desires
Definition

1.) Desire to get what you want

2.) Desire to avoid what you don't want

Term

Y/N

Do buddhist negate all desires?

Definition

 NO

They only negate obsessive desires that hurt you and make you unhappy

Term
Nirvana
Definition

~ Suffering can end by blowing out (nirvana) obsessive desires

~ Ultimate liberation from suffering

~ Spiritual state of eternal happiness that trancends this world

 

Term

T/F

Once Nirvana is reached, you do not return to the cycle of rebirth (samsara)

Definition
TRUE
Term
Arhat
Definition

~ One who has succeeded in blowing out all the flames of obsessive desire while still having a body.

~ Await natural death to reach complete nirvana

Term
The 8 fold path
Definition

~ we can blow out our obsessive desires by practicing the 8 fold path.

1.) Right Path: 4 nobel truths

2.) Right Intent: The personal shift

3.) Right Speech: Practical methods to cool down the flames of tanha

4.) Right conduct: Practical methods to cool down the flames of tanha

5.) Right livlihood: Practical methods to cool down flames of tanha

6.) Right Effort: Forget nirvana and walk the 8 fold path

7.) Right mindfulness: mindfulness of the 3 traits of reality in the everyday

8.) Right concentration: Meditation on the 3 traits of reality, through meditation the buddhist  discovers anatta ( no-self)

Term
4 nobel truths
Definition

1. Dukkha: suffering in life

2. Tanha: obsessive desire

3. Nirvana: blowing out our obsessive desires

4. The 8 fold path

 

Term
3 traits of reality
Definition

1. Anicca: Impermanence (everything changes)

2. Anatta: An=No, Atta=Self

3. Dukkha

Term
5 Skandas
Definition

The self

~ 5 ingredients that the self is made of

1.) Body

2.) Bodily Sensations

3.) Consciousness

4.) Thoughts

5.) Feelings

Term

T/F

Accoding to buddhism we have no slef idenity, nothing belongs to you and nothing can harm you because there is no "you"

Definition
TRUE
Term
Transcending
Definition
Going Beyond
Term
Cycle of Rebirth
Definition
Samsara
Term
What country did buddhism orginate from?
Definition
India
Term

T/F

Islam is the youngest of the 3 Abrahamic religions.

Definition
TRUE
Term
According to the Islamic perspective who is the last prophet or he who has recieved the final words of god.
Definition
Muhammad
Term
The Islamic bible is called?
Definition
Koran (Quran)
Term
Arabic name for God?
Definition

Allah

This does not denote a different god from the one that jews and christians believe in.

Term
The Koran was recorded by?
Definition
Muhammad
Term

T/F

Muhammad is only a human and not a direct manifestation of god.

Definition
TRUE
Term

Y/N

The Koran is not considered holy and a direct manifestation of God.

Definition

NO

The Koran is considered to be a direct manifestation of God ( Allah

Term

T/F

Islam is the loving releationship between humans and God.

Definition

False

-Islam is the submissive relationship between humans and God

- The loving relationship is Christianity

Term
Islam means?
Definition

- peace and surrender they come together and Islam means

"Entering into a condition of peace through submission of one's will to Allah"

 

Term

Y/N

All 3 Abrahamic religions are monotheistic?

Definition

Yes

All three believe that there is only one God

Term
Surrender
Definition
submission
Term
Is Islam an oppressive relationship?
Definition
No, it is a relationship of meaning
Term

Y/N

Does Islam oppose the Christian doctrine of the Trinity?

Definition

YES

Islam is a strict monotheism

Term

Trinity

In Christianty

Definition

There is one God, and he manifest himself in 3 modes: The father, the son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit.

 

Ex. Water- steam, water, ice are all water

Term
Monotheistic
Definition

Mono= One

Theistic= Believe in God

 

-Believes in one god

Term

Y/N

In Islam is it respectful to say we are children of Allah?

Definition

NO

It is disrespectful to think of Allah in any wordly or human terms

Term

Y/N

In Islam is Jesus respected as a good man and teacher?

Definition

YES

But it is very disrespectful to think of him as the son of God

Term
According to Huston Smith what is the only approiate emotion in front of Allah?
Definition

Fear

-Not a negative fear but a beautiful

Term
Orginal Sin
Definition

Christian Idea

The tendacy to sin is born in all humans

Term

Y/N

Do muslims believe that we are tainted with orginal sin?

Definition

NO

Muslims believe that human nature is fundamentally good.

Term
The tendacy to forget to be thankful to Allah is called?
Definition
Ghaflah
Term
What does it mean to forget to be thankful?
Definition
To forget that we are created for a good reason, there is a good reason for us to continue to exist and all things that happento us happen for a good reason
Term
Day of judgement
Definition

-Life is a test

-The individual soul lives on in paradise if the test is past

Term
5 pillars of Islam
Definition

1.) Shahadah: Proclamation of faith. "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is his prophet."

2.) Salat: Prayer. 5 times a day.

3.) Zakat: Charity. Annual donation of 2.5% of belongings

4.) Saum: Fasting during the Islamic holy month (Ramadan)

5.) Hajj: Pilgrimage to mecca at least once in lifetime

 

Term
Jihad
Definition

Considered by some as the 6th pillar of Islam

-The struggle within to not ghaflah

Term
All pillars are ways to?
Definition
Help remind you to be thankful to Allah
Term
What is the central theme of Christianity?
Definition

Liberation from fear, guilt, ego through the love of Jesus Christ

Term
What is a uniquely a Christian idea?
Definition
God as "one of us"
Term
What is the shift of image in christianty?
Definition
God as a king to God as a caregiver
Term
What is the notion of incarnation?
Definition
100% God & 100% Man: God suffered for us.
Term

Y/N

Do Jews and Muslims accept the doctorine of incarnation?

Definition
NO
Term
Sin
Definition

Sundering between God and Humans, Humans and Humans

To seperate a human from a human or a human from God

 

Term
Sundering
Definition
To seperate
Term
What did the sacrifice of Jesus make possible.
Definition
Atonment
Term
Atonment
Definition
At-one-moment with God and with another: Liberation of sin.
Term

Y/N

Do Jews and Muslims not accept the doctorine of atonment as understood by Christians?

Definition
Yes
Term
What is essence of God?
Definition
Love
Term
What is love?
Definition
Relation
Term
What is the significance of the attempted sacrifice of Isaac by Abraham? What kind of act was it? That is, was it an act of knowledge, blind obedience or a leap of faith?
Definition
Term
How many people must there be for love? At the very least.
Definition
Two
Term

Y/N

 Is the Koran (Quran) the direct manifestation of Allah’s words?

Definition
YES
Term

Y/N

Is God constituted by more than one person?

Definition
Yes
Term

Y/N

Do Jews and Muslims accept the Doctorine of the trinity?

Definition
No
Term
Where does the idea that God is the Creator and we are his creatures orginate?
Definition
Judaism, and shared by all Abrahamic religions.
Term

Y/N

Is the Judaism releationship with God oppressive?

Definition

No

It is a relationship that bestows meaning.

Term

Y/N

In Judaism does everything good or bad happen to us for a reason?

Definition

Yes

We are to trust that there is a infinitely good creator that has created us for a good reason, thus everything happens for a good reason, no matter good or bad.

Term

Y/N 

According to Smith, did Christianity begin with the liberation of people from fear, guilt, and ego via the love of Jesus Christ?

Definition
YES
Term
Why are Islam, Christianity and Judaism called the Abrahamic religions?
Definition
Term
What are the relationships between Abraham, Hagaar, Ishmael, Sarah, Isaac. Who is the first son? Who is the second son?
Definition

Abrham second wife Hagaar, first wife Sarah and Ishmael is his 1st son from hagaar.

 

Issac is the 2nd son

Term

Y/N

Is there an agreement between Judaism, Christianity and Islam on which son is the true son of sacrifice? 

Definition
NO
Term
How do Jews, Christians and Muslims perceive one another when it comes to the issue of accepting one another’s positions? For example, do the Jews accept Christianity and Islam as true religions? Do Muslims accept Christians and Judaism as partially true religions? Do Christians accept Judaism and Islam as true religions?
Definition
Term
Are all three religions are monotheistic?
Definition
YES
Term
What do ‘Islam’, ‘Muslim’ and ‘Allah’ mean?
Definition

Islam- "Entering into the a condition of peace through submission to one's will to Allah.

Muslim- Those who adhere to Islam

Allah- Arabic name for God

Term
Which ones are strictly monotheistic?
Definition
Judaism and Islam
Term

Y/N 

For the Abrahamic religions, is the relationship between God as the creator and humans as creatures a relationship of meaning that provides good reasons why we are here, and why events in our lives happen to us? 

Definition
YES
Term

Y/N

Is Muhammad the founder of Islam?

Definition
Yes
Term
Did he (muhammad) receive the words of God (Allah) from another prophet or directly from God (Allah)?
Definition
Directly from God
Term
Is he (Muhammad) considered as the Son of God (Allah)?
Definition
NO
Term

Y/N

 Is he (muhammad) considered as the last prophet by Muslims?

Definition
Yes
Term

 Y/N

Is it true that according to Smith, Christians believe that trapped within our ego is love, which can be truly released only through the divine love of Jesus Christ? 

Definition
YES
Term

Y/N

Is the belief that Jesus Christ is simultaneously completely (100%) human and completely (100%) God the doctrine of incarnation?

Definition
YES
Term
What is the significance of the doctrine of Incarnation in Christianity?
Definition
God as one of us, and the shift of God as king to caregiver
Term
What kind of state is ‘Sin’ according to Smith?
Definition
seperated from God and sperated from other humans
Term
What kind of state is ‘Atonment’ according to Smith
Definition
At one with God
Term

Y/N

Is it true that according to Smith, God in Christianity is defined in terms of the Trinity which is composed of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit? 

Definition
YES
Term
What is the logical reason to think of God in terms of the trinity?
Definition

-Essence of

-Love is relation

-There must be at least 2 persons for love

-Thus God must be understood as essentially constituted  by more than one person.

-Thus God is constituted by more than one person (three)

 

 

Term

Y/N

Is it true that according to Huston Smith, revelation is a key concept through which G-d is understood in Judaism?

Definition
Yes
Term
According to Smith there are two kinds of revelations what are they?
Definition

-Disclosure is action

-Disclousure in words

Term
What does revelation mean in the Judaism according to Smith?
Definition
The meaning and reason for life is not created by humans. It is revealed to you by God
Term
According to Smith, did the Jews view the Exodus as an act of divine intervention? Or did they believe it was an act of their own doing?
Definition
Act of  divine intervention
Term
Is the 8 fold path a set of rules to be followed blindly or are they practical skills? What kind of practical skills are they?
Definition

Yes, some are

Right speech

Right Conduct

Right livlihood

Term
Which is not one of the 4 signs that Prince Siddharta Gautama saw that made him decide to leave his palace?   
Old age. Sickness. Death. Complete acceptance of this world.
Definition
Complete acceptance of this world
Term
What does “Dukkha” literally mean and how does this literal definition capture the nature of suffering in Buddhism?
Definition
Disjointedness. Buddhist believe there will always be a mismatch, that is, “disjointedness” between how you want things to be, and how things really are. This mismatch is mainly caused by the flames of obsessive desires internal to us.
Term

. Which one of the following does not describe the state of Nirvana correctly?

-Nirvana is a state of ultimate liberation from suffering. 

-It is a state where all the flames of obsessive desires have been completely blown out. 

 -Once nirvana is reached, there is no return to the cycle of rebirth (samsara). It is a spiritual state of eternal happiness that transcends this world. 

-When all the flames of obsessive desires are blown out, nothing remains. 

Definition
-Once nirvana is reached, there is no return to the cycle of rebirth (samsara). It is a spiritual state of eternal happiness that transcends this world. 
Term
Exodus
Definition

-Relevation in action

-Devine intervention/miracle

 

Good liberated an unorganized, enslaved people from the mightiest power of the age, was not even launched the Israelites as a nation.

Term
10 commandments & covenant
Definition
Revelation in words
Term
Through what, did the jews come to believe they were the chosen people.
Definition
Revelations
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