Term
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Definition
| Uncontrolled cellular growth in the form of tumors |
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Term
| What is the second cause of death in the United States of America? |
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Definition
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Term
| Highest Cancer Cases for Men Estimated in 2009 |
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Definition
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Term
| Highest Cancer Deaths for Men Estimated in 209 |
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Definition
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Term
| Highest Cancer Cases for Women Estimated in 2009 |
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Definition
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Term
| Highest Cancer Deaths for Women Estimated in 2009 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A substance released by a tumor or released by a tissue affected by a tumor |
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Term
| Are Tumor Markers generally useful for screening? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are tumor markers generally not useful for screening? |
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Definition
May be = in presence of tumor
May be + in absence of tumor |
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Term
| 6 Major Clinical Value of Tumor Markers |
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Definition
Monitoring therapeutic response after diagnosis
Detecting cancer recurrence
Predicting patient prognosis
Screening
Confirmation of disease
Tumor Staging |
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Term
| 3 Basic types of tumor markers |
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Definition
Proteins
Tissue Receptors
DNA-based |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell membrane proteins that bind to hormones |
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
AFP |
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Definition
| Hepatocellular & germ cell |
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
CA-125 |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
HE4 |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
Tg |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
PSA |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
CEA |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
CA 19-9 |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
CA 15-3/27-29 |
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Definition
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Term
When given the Protein Biomarker give the Cancer type:
HER2/neu |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Oncogene overexpressed in 20% invasive breast cancers |
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Term
| HER-2-NEU used to determine what? |
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Definition
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Term
| CA 15-3 is used to do what? |
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Definition
| Monitor response to treatment, to watch for recurrence, and to watch for metastases |
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Term
| What type of tumors are associated with Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin - Beta HCG |
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Definition
Hydatidiform mole
Choriocarcinoma
Testicular tumors
Ovarian tumors |
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Term
| Use a combination of what for monitoring response to therapy/recurrence of testicular cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Beta HCG is usually undetectable in normal adult serum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Protein on the surface of WBCs, especially lymphs |
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Term
| Does Beta-2 Microglobulin have value in prognosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What diseases are associated with Beta-2 Microglobulin? |
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Definition
Multiple Myeloma
Lymphomas |
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Term
| What tests do you use to determine immunoglobulins? |
|
Definition
Protein electrophoresis
IFE |
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Term
| What diseases are associated with immunoglobulins? |
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Definition
Multiple Myeloma
Waldenstrom's |
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Term
| Bladder Tumor-Associated Antigen (BTA): Test for in what sample? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the Leading cause of Bladder Cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| You use BTA in conjuction with what else to detect recurrence of bladder disease? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the following used to determine:
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors |
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Definition
| Response to hormone therapy |
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Term
| What type of receptors are Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 9 FDA-Approved Protein Biomarkers? |
|
Definition
AFP
CA 125
HE4
Tg
PSA
CEA
CA 19-9
CA 15-3
HER-2-NEU |
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Term
| Alpha-Fetoprotein has the highest levels in the fetus and _____ amounts in adults |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What types of diseases are associated with Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)? |
|
Definition
Testicular cancer
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
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|
Term
| Where is Alpha-Fetoprotein used as a screen? |
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Definition
| Only in countries where liver cancer occurs at a high rate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| CA 125 High levels post-surgery are associated with ______ prognosis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| CA 125 is also elevated with ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| HE4 is the newest marker that is used to determine what? |
|
Definition
| Ovarian cancer recurrence |
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|
Term
| Thyroglobulin should be ____ after resection |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Thyroglobulin is associated with which organ? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What disease is Thyroglobulin elevated in? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| PSA is what type of screen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Only ___ amounts of PSA in healthy men |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Do levels of PSA increase or decrease with age? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| PSA plus what is the Best Screen? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of PSA is bound to serum proteins |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| PSA is also elevated in what? |
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Definition
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) |
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Term
| ____% PSA indicates higher risk of cancer |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What type of cancer is Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) associated with? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Other than Colon Cancer what other types of cancer is Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) associated with? |
|
Definition
Breast Cancer
Lung Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Rectal Cancer |
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Term
|
Definition
| No, 35% of colorectal cancer patients have = CEAs |
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Term
| Is CEA supposed to be used as a screen for colorectal cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Cigarette smokers have higher levels of CEA than nonsmokers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease is CEA increased in? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is CEA most frequently used for? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
True or False:
CEA is the most frequently used tumor marker in cancer management |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What type of cancers is CA 19-9 associated with? |
|
Definition
| Pancreatic, Colon, and Bile Duct Cancers |
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Term
| CA 19-9 is Elevated in about ____% of those with bile duct cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Non-cancerous causes of bile duct obstruction can cause very high CA 19-9 levels which fall when the blockage is cleared |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the leading type of cancer in women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the leading type of cancer in men? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for a free PSA%? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the usefulness of calculating a fPSA%? |
|
Definition
| Differentiate Cancer from BPH |
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|
Term
| What tissue markers are frequently used to determine the expected response to hormone treatment in a woman with breast cancer? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What hormone marker is used to monitor the progression of both uterine cancer and testicular cancer? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name the marker used with multiple myeloma patients to establish initial prognosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the marker used with multiple myeloma patients to monitor progression |
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Definition
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